磷-氮阻燃棉织物的制备及阻燃机理  

Preparation of phosphorus-nitrogen flame retardant cotton fabric and its flame retardant mechanism

作　　者：蒋迪[1] 李金凤 JIANG Di;LI Jinfeng(Carbon Fiber Research Institute,Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology,Jilin 132022,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology,Jilin 132022,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林化工学院碳纤维材料研究院,吉林吉林132022 [2]吉林化工学院材料科学与工程学院,吉林吉林132022

出　　处：《印染》2022年第9期31-35,共5页China Dyeing and Finishing

基　　金：吉林省科技厅2013年科技基金项目(20130206070GX)。

摘　　要：为解决棉织物的易燃问题,制备了一种无卤、高效、耐久的P-N阻燃剂乙醇胺磷酸酯铵盐(FR)。傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)表明,FR通过P—O—C共价键接枝到棉织物上,增重率(WG)为23.4%的整理棉织物LOI达到37.6%,50次洗涤循环(LCs)后,LOI降至31.4%;扫描电子显微镜(SEM)证实FR渗透到棉织物中,但对其表面形貌没有明显影响;垂直燃烧和锥形量热(CONE)试验评估了棉织物的燃烧行为;拉曼光谱分析了FR的阻燃机理,发现FR在燃烧过程中分解为磷酸或聚磷酸,促进了棉织物的热降解和炭化,阻碍了火焰的蔓延;处理棉的力学性能略有下降,但不影响其正常使用。In order to solve the flammability problem of cotton fabrics, a halogen-free, efficient and durable PN flame retardant diethanolamine phosphate ammonium salt(FR) is prepared. Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR) reveals that FR is grafted onto cotton fabrics through P—O—C covalent bonds. When the weight gain(WG) of treated cotton is 23.4%, the LOI of the cotton fabric reaches 37.6%. After 50 laundering cycles(LCS), the LOI decreases to 31.4%. Scanning electron microscope(SEM) confirms that the penetration of FR into cotton fabrics has no obvious effect on its surface morphology. The combustion behavior of cotton fabrics are evaluated by vertical combustion and cone calorimetry(CONE) experiments. The flame-retardant mechanism of FR is analyzed by Raman. FR is decomposed into phosphoric acid or polyphosphate during combustion, which promotes the thermal degradation and carbonization of cotton fabrics and hinders the spread of flame. The mechanical properties of the treated cotton decrease slightly, but it doesn′t affect the normal use.These results confirm that the treated cotton has good flame retardancy and durability.

关 键 词：阻燃整理 P-N阻燃剂 耐久性 力学性能 棉织物 

分 类 号：TS195.5[轻工技术与工程—纺织化学与染整工程]