聚乙烯塑料光降解研究进展  

Research Progress on Photodegradable Polyethylene Plastics

作　　者：孙静[1] 熊礼龙[2] 刘乐[2] SUN Jing;XIONG Li-long;LIU Le(Xi'an Institute of Space Radio Technology,Xi'an 710100,China;School of Chemistry,Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an 710100,China)

机构地区：[1]西安空间无线电技术研究所,陕西西安710100 [2]西安交通大学化学学院,陕西西安710100

出　　处：《塑料科技》2022年第7期120-123,共4页Plastics Science and Technology

摘　　要：聚乙烯材料具有优异的高疏水性和稳定性,被广泛用于包装材料、绝缘材料、保温材料等领域。然而,聚乙烯塑料难以降解容易引发环境污染。光降解聚乙烯材料的研发为聚乙烯降解提供了新思路。介绍聚乙烯材料的研究现状、聚乙烯光降解的反应机理。综述共聚合成型和光敏剂敏化型光降解聚乙烯烯材料的降解性能以及光敏剂存在的一些问题。研究表明:共聚合成型光降解塑料主要受感光官能团的影响。光敏剂敏化型光降解塑料中有机光敏剂稳定性较差;过渡金属光敏剂存在成本高、毒性较大的缺陷;无机光敏剂的摩尔吸光系数低,容易出现团聚。指出未来仍需深入研究光降解的新机制,兼顾降解性能与相关产品的生产成本。Polyethylene materials have excellent high hydrophobicity and stability, and are widely used in packaging materials, insulation materials, insulation materials and other fields. However, polyethylene plastics are difficult to degrade and cause environmental pollution. The development of photodegradable polyethylene materials provides a new idea for polyethylene degradation. The research status of polyethylene materials and the reaction mechanism of polyethylene photodegradation are introduced. The degradation performance of copolymerization molding and photosensitizer sensitized photodegradable polyethylene materials and some problems existing in photosensitizers are reviewed. The results show that the photodegradable plastics formed by copolymerization are mainly affected by the photosensitive functional groups. The stability of organic photosensitizers in photodegradable plastics sensitized by photosensitizers is poor;transition metal photosensitizers have high cost and high toxicity;the molar absorption coefficient of inorganic photosensitizer is low, and it is easy to agglomerate. It is pointed out that the new mechanism of photodegradation should be further studied in the future, taking into account the degradation performance and the production cost of related products.

关 键 词：聚乙烯 光降解 降解机理 光敏剂 协同降解 

分 类 号：TQ325.12[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]