陕西渭北苹果产区金纹细蛾零农药防治技术研究  

Study on No Pesticides Control Technology of Lithocolletis Ringoniella in Weibei Apple Producing Area of Shaanxi Province

作　　者：郭云忠[1,2] 闫明杰 李文文 郭友民 GUO Yunzhong;YAN Mingjie;LI Wenwen;GUO Youmin(State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas,College of Plant Protection,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China;Baishui Apple Experimental Station of Northwest a&funiversity,Baishui 715600,China)

机构地区：[1]旱区作物逆境生物学国家重点实验室,西北农林科技大学植物保护学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学白水苹果试验站,陕西白水715600

出　　处：《果树资源学报》2022年第5期29-33,共5页Journal of Fruit Resources

基　　金：陕西省农业科技创新转化项目(NYKJ-2020-YL)。

摘　　要：【目的】金纹细蛾是陕西渭北苹果产区重要的食叶害虫,以幼虫潜叶取食叶肉为害,致使叶片出现大量虫斑,丧失光合能力或早期落叶,严重影响当年的产量和来年的成花,为此,需要明确最佳防治时期、防治药剂、防治技术。【方法】试验设处理1为“清扫落叶+树盘下覆地布+性诱杀”跨年综合试验;处理2为金纹细蛾发生期化学杀虫剂防治试验。另设金纹细蛾性诱集监测和空白对照。对金纹细蛾雄成虫发生动态及不同时期雄成虫发生数量进行监测,通过零农药防治、药剂防治试验进行对比,调查为害情况,得出防治效果最佳组合。【结果】2020-2021年采用性诱捕器观测了陕西渭北苹果产区金纹细蛾年发生动态,明确了开展药剂防治的适宜时期。在休眠期采用清扫落叶、在早春树盘下覆黑色地布,能够有效地降低次年金纹细蛾的虫口,但不影响其发生趋势。性诱剂配合清扫落叶和树盘下覆地布能够高效防治金纹细蛾,与全年连续3次使用3%阿维菌素微乳剂4000倍液、35%氯虫苯甲酰胺水分散粒剂18000倍液和25 g/L高效氟氯氰菊酯乳油1500倍液相比,防效更好,最终防效达87.08%~88.36%、虫叶率3.07%~3.50%,显著高于药剂防治的75.28%~79.10%、虫叶率7.27%~8.11%,而且安全无污染。【结论】结果表明,金纹细蛾性诱剂专一性强,诱集效果显著。基于性诱杀会受到环境、应用技术等因素的影响,因此有必要进一步地开展性诱剂田间应用技术研究,以发挥其应用潜力,更大幅度提升其防治效果。【Objective】Lithocolletis ringoniella is important defoliator of Weibei apple producing area in Shaanxi province,mesophyll in larval leaf feeding,which leaves appear a large number of spot,early deciduous,photosynthetic or seriously affects the yield and the flowering in the coming year,therefore,need to clear the best treatment period,medicament,control technology.【Methods】Experimental treatment 1 was a comprehensive experiment of"leaf sweeping+ground covering under tree disk+sexual trapping".Treatment 2 was a chemical insecticide control experiment in the occurrence stage of Lithocolletis ringoniella.Sex capture monitoring and blank control were also set up.The dynamics of male adult Lithocolletis ringoniella and the number of male adult insect in different periods were monitored,and the damage was investigated by no pesticides control and drug control experiments,and the best combination of control effect was obtained.【Results】From^(2)020 to 2021,the annual occurrence dynamics of Lithocolletis ringoniella in Weibei apple producing area of Shaanxi Province were observed with sex traps,and the suitable period for chemical control was determined.In the dormancy period,the use of leaf sweeping and covering the tree tray with black ground cloth in early spring could effectively reduce the population of the next year,but did not affect its occurrence trend.The sex attractant combined with leaf sweeping and the cloth under the tree tray could effectively control Lithocolletis ringoniella.Compared with the 4000 times of 3%abamectin ME,18000 times of 35%chlorantraniliprole WG and 1500 times of 25 g/L beta-cyfluthrin EC,the control effect was better.The final control effect was 87.08%~88.36%,and the rate of leaf was 3.07%~3.50%,significantly higher than 75.28%~79.10%of the chemical control,and the leaf rate was 7.27%~8.11%,which was safe and pollution-free.【Conclusion】The results showed that the sex attractor of Lithocolletis ringoniella had strong specificity and significant attraction effect.Since sexua

关 键 词：陕西渭北果区 金纹细蛾 性信息素 零农药防治技术 

分 类 号：S431.2[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]