平欧21号大果榛在山西栽培的生长表现及果实经济性状分析  

Analysis on Growth Performance and Fruit Economic Character of‘Pingou 21’Cultivated in Shanxi Province

作　　者：刘晓刚 杨秀清[2] 解甜甜 LIU Xiaogang;YANG Xiuqing;XIE Tiantian(Forestry and Grassland Technical Extension station of Shanxi Province,Taiyuan 030012,China;College of Forestry,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu 030801,China)

机构地区：[1]山西省林业和草原技术推广总站,山西太原030012 [2]山西农业大学林学院,山西太谷030801

出　　处：《果树资源学报》2022年第5期90-94,共5页Journal of Fruit Resources

基　　金：科技部、财政部国家科技资源共享服务平台项目(NHGRC2021-NH12-2);农业农村部保种项目(19210123);晋中市科技重点研发计划(农业)项目(Y212011)。

摘　　要：以晋中市太谷区栽培的6 a生平欧21号大果榛为研究对象,跟踪监测其不同生长期(果壳硬化前期、果壳硬化期、种仁发育期、种仁充实期、果实成熟期)枝、叶、果实表型生长指标及碳水化合物和可溶性蛋白含量的动态变化;分析测定成熟期果实与种仁性状、出仁性状、丰产性及种仁营养成分,旨在探究平欧21号大果榛在山西栽培的生长表现及果实经济性状。结果表明,该种质枝、叶在果实发育前(至果壳硬化前期)已完成大幅生长,枝条在果壳硬化期仍有快速增长,之后随果实发育基径、长度增长缓慢。果实及种仁三径及鲜重随发育期先增加后降低,在种仁充实期达最大,进入果实成熟期有所下降。枝、叶及果苞中非结构性碳水化合物及可溶性蛋白含量在果实生长前期呈增加趋势,随种仁发育出现下降。而种仁中二者含量随其发育的充实程度在增加。经济性状分析可得,平欧21号单果重2.60 g,三径均值20.35 mm,种仁质量1.40 g,壳厚1.17 mm,出仁率高达53.84%。果序坐果数为2.67,调查年份单株结果数521个,单株产量1.35 kg,丰产性尚好。榛仁可溶性糖及蛋白含量分别为6.68%和15.26 mg·g^(-1),脂肪含量为37.29%,维生素E含量高达0.92 mg·g^(-1)。相比国内其他地区,平欧21号(B-21)在山西晋中地区栽培经济性状尚可,具有良好的推广利用价值。In order to explore the growth performance and fruit economic character of the six year old‘Pingou 21’cultivated Taigu District,Jinzhong City,Shanxi Province,the branches,leaves and fruits growth indexes,carbohydrate and soluble protein contents and their dynamic changes in different growth stages were monitored(fnutshell pre-hardened stage,nutshell hardening stage,seed development stage,seed filling stage and fruit maturity stage).The fruit and kernel traits,kernel traits,yield ability and kernel nutrients were also analyzed.The result showed that the branches and leaves of the germplasm have finished a sharp growth before fruit development(to nutshell pre-hardened stage),and there was still a rapid growth of branches in nutshell hardening stage.The basal diameter and length of branches increased slowly with the development of fruit.The three-diameter and fresh weight of fruits and kernels increased firstly and then decreased with the development stage,all indexes reached the peak at the seed filling stage but decreased significantly at fruit maturity stage.The contents of non-structural carbohydrates and soluble protein in branches,leaves and fruit buds increased in the early stage of fruit growth,but declined with the development of the kernel.However,the content of both in kernel have been increasing with its fullness degree.According to the analysis of economic characters,the single fruit weight of‘Pingou 21’was 2.60 g,the mean three-diameter value was 20.35 mm,the kernel weight was 1.40 g,the shell thickness was 1.17 mm,and the kernel rate was up to 53.84%.Bear fruit number of infructescence was 2.67,the number of fruit per plant was 521 in surveying year,the yield per plant was 1.35 kg,and the yield ability was good.The soluble sugar and protein contents of hazelnut were 6.68%and 15.26 mg·g^(-1),respectively.The fat content was 37.29%,and the VE content was 0.92 mg·g^(-1).Compared with other areas in China,‘pingou 21’(B-21)has a good economic character in jinzhong area of Shanxi Province,and

关 键 词：平欧榛 生长动态 经济性状 山西 

分 类 号：S664.4[农业科学—果树学]