东方蝾螈、太行隆肛蛙、丽纹龙蜥心脏比较组织学研究  

The Comparative Histology Study on the Cardiac of Cynops Orientalis,Feirana Taihangnicus and Japalura Splendida

作　　者：张光宇 承勇 胡建业[3] 李波颖 赵志娟 邓大军[4] Zhang Guangyu;Cheng Yong;Hu Jianye;Li Boying;Zhao Zhijuan;Deng Dajun(Henan Forestry Vocational College,Henan Luoyang 471002,China;Jinggangshan National Nature Reserve of Jiangxi Province,Jiangxi Jinggangshan 343600,China;Henan University of Urban Construction,Henan Pingdingshan 467000,China;Henan Wild Animal Protection Center,Henan Zhengzhou 450044,China)

机构地区：[1]河南林业职业学院,河南洛阳471002 [2]井冈山国家级自然保护区管理局,江西井冈山343600 [3]河南城建学院,河南平顶山467000 [4]河南省野生动物救护中心,河南郑州450044

出　　处：《河南林业科技》2022年第3期6-8,18,共4页Journal of Henan Forestry Science and Technology

摘　　要：采用组织学技术对东方蝾螈、太行隆肛蛙、丽纹龙蜥的心脏进行研究,H.E.染色,显微镜观察。结果显示东方蝾螈、太行隆肛蛙心脏结构基本相同,丽纹龙蜥的心脏与二者有一定程度的差别。两栖类、爬行类动物心脏均为两心房1心室,爬行动物的心室开始出现不完全分隔,为不完全的双循环系统。同时两栖类及爬行类动物心脏中红细胞均为有核红细胞,心脏的壁有内、中、外3层结构,分别为心内膜、心肌层及心外膜。心内膜位于心脏内层,表面是一层不规则的多角形内皮细胞,胞核为椭圆形。心肌层主要由心肌纤维构成,心肌纤维间充满结缔组织和血管。心肌纤维由心肌细胞组成,胞核呈圆形或椭圆形,位于细胞中央。心外膜位于外层,由结缔组织构成,内含较多弹性纤维。3种动物心脏结构的差别反映出两栖类、爬行类动物在进化过程中对环境不断适应的结果。实验通过对东方蝾螈、太行隆肛蛙和丽纹龙蜥心脏比较组织学研究,为今后开展这些动物的人工养殖和疾病治疗提供了有益的参考。In this paper,the cardiac of Cynops orientalis,Feirana taihangnicus and Japalura splendida are studied by histological technique,staining by H.E.Under inverted microscopy,we can find that the cardiac structure of Cynops orientalis and Feirana taihangnicus is basically the same in histological level,but the cardiac of Japalura splendida is different from the two in some way.The results showed:the cardiac of amphibian,reptile animal is composed of two atrium and one ventricle.The ventricles of reptiles are not separated fully,and become the incomplete two-cycle system.While the red blood cells in the cardiac of amphibians and reptiles all have nucleus.The walls of the cardiac include a three-layer structure,called endocardium,myocardium and epicardium respectively.Endocardium is located in the inside of the cardiac and there is a layer of irregular polygonal endothelial cells(EC)on its surface while the nucleus of EC is oval.The differences of the cardiac structure among Cynops orientalis,Feirana taihangnicus and Japalura splendida reflect the transition of amphibians and reptiles in the cardiac evolutionary history.Myocardium consists of cardiac muscle fiber which is full of connective tissue and blood vessels.Cardiac muscle fiber is made up of myocyte whose nucleus,locating in the center of the cell,are round or oval.Epicardium is located in the outer,made up of connective tissue and containing many elastic fibers.Although this cardiac structure of Amphibians and reptiles'hierarchy is low-level,it is the result of their adaptation to the environment from the Urodela to the Anura.Through the comparative histology study on the hearts of Cynops orientalis,Feirana taihangnicus and Japalura splendida,this experiment provides helpful references for the breeding and disease treatment of these species in the future.

关 键 词：东方蝾螈 太行隆肛蛙 丽纹龙蜥 心脏 H.E.染色 进化 

分 类 号：S852.31[农业科学—基础兽医学]