放射工作人员494例外周血淋巴细胞染色体畸变分析  

Chromosome aberration of peripheral lymphocytes in 494 radiation workers

作　　者：詹宇基 谭小燕 关羽倩 Zhan Yuji;Tan Xiaoyan;Guan Yuqian(Department of Occupational Health Medical Examination Center,Occupational Disease Prevention and Control Institute,Zhanjiang 524018,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省湛江市职业病防治所职业健康体检中心,524018

出　　处：《临床医学》2022年第7期1-4,共4页Clinical Medicine

摘　　要：目的 探讨放射工作人员外周血淋巴细胞染色体畸变情况。方法 选取2020年10月至2021年10月在湛江市职业病防治所职业健康体检中心进行体检的494例放射工作人员作为观察组,另选取150例不接触电离辐射的工作人员作为对照组。用微量全血培养,比较两组工作人员的染色体畸变率、异常检出率以及微核畸变率,分析不同工龄和不同岗位工作人员外周血淋巴细胞染色体畸变情况。结果 观察组工作人员染色体畸变率以及微核畸变率均高于对照组(P <0.05)。不同工龄组放射工作人员的染色体畸变率、异常检出率、微核畸变率比较,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。不同岗位组放射工作人员的染色体畸变率、异常检出率、微核畸变率比较,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。不同岗位组工作人员染色体型畸变数比较,差异未见统计学意义(P> 0.05)。结论 接触电离辐射的工作人员外周血淋巴细胞染色体畸变率高,不同工龄以及不同岗位工作人员的外周血淋巴细胞染色体畸形率有显著差异,需要加强相关防护工作,确保放射工作人员的身体健康。Objective To investigate the chromosome aberration of peripheral lymphocytes in radiation workers. Methods Four hundred and ninety-four radiation workers who went to the Occupational Health Examination Center of Zhanjiang Institute of Occupational Disease Prevention and Control Institute from October 2020 to October 2021 were selected as the observation group,and 150workers who were not exposed to ionizing radiation were selected as the control group. Using micro whole blood culture,the chromosome aberration rate,abnormal detection rate and micronucleus aberration rate of the two groups were compared,and the chromosome aberration of peripheral blood lymphocytes of workers with different length of service and different positions were analyzed. Results The chromosome aberration rate and micronucleus aberration rate in the observation group were higher than those in the control group( P < 0. 05). The chromosome aberration rate,abnormal detection rate and micronucleus aberration rate of radiation workers in different working age groups were significantly different( P <0. 05). There were significant differences in chromosome aberration rate,abnormal detection rate and micronucleus aberration rate among radiation workers in different job groups( P < 0. 05). There was no significant difference in the number of chromosomal aberration among workers in different job groups( P > 0. 05). Conclusions The chromosome aberration rate of peripheral lymphocytes of workers exposed to ionizing radiation is high,and there are significant differences in the chromosome aberration rate of peripheral lymphocytes of workers with different length of service and different positions. It is necessary to strengthen relevant protection work to ensure the health of radiation workers.

关 键 词：放射工作人员 染色体 畸变 

分 类 号：R146[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]