SARS-CoV-2疫苗接种对人体抗体产生和免疫功能的影响  

Effects of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination on antibody production and immune function

作　　者：谭美玉 殳洁 宣彬彬[1] 周丽达 李红[1] 侯尚伟 盛慧明[1] TAN Meiyu;SHU Jie;XUAN Binbin;ZHOU Lida;LI Hong;HOU Shangwei;SHENG Huiming(Department of Clinical Laboratory,Tongren Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200336,China;Hongqiao Institute of International Medicine,Tongren Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200336,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学医学院附属同仁医院检验科,上海200336 [2]上海交通大学医学院附属同仁医院虹桥医学国际研究院,上海200336

出　　处：《检验医学》2022年第8期729-734,共6页Laboratory Medicine

基　　金：上海交通大学“交大之星”计划医工交叉研究基金资助项目(YG2021ZD33);上海市第六人民医院医疗集团科研课题(ly202101)。

摘　　要：目的 探讨接种新型冠状病毒灭活疫苗(Vero细胞)后人体抗体的产生和免疫功能的变化。方法将121名疫苗接种者根据接种剂次分为2剂次组(接种2剂疫苗)和3剂次组(接种3剂疫苗)。分别于接种第1针疫苗前、接种第2针疫苗后7 d、接种第3针疫苗前(接种第2针后6个月)和接种第3针疫苗后7 d检测新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)总抗体(IgG+IgM+IgA)、SARS-CoV-2 IgG抗体、SARS-CoV-2受体结合域(RBD)特异性中和抗体、淋巴细胞亚群及12种细胞因子水平。结果 2剂次组SARS-CoV-2总抗体、IgG抗体的阳性率均为93.44%,中和抗体阳性率为81.96%;3剂次组SARS-CoV-2总抗体、IgG抗体的阳性率分别为100.00%、93.33%。3剂次组接种第3针疫苗后7 d的SARS-CoV-2总抗体水平显著高于2剂次组接种第2针疫苗后7d的水平(P<0.001),且中和抗体水平差异亦有统计学意义(P<0.01)。2剂次组接种第2针后7d的滤泡辅助性T细胞(Tfh)百分比(11.40%)显著高于接种前(3.92%)(P<0.01)。2剂次组接种前与接种第2针疫苗后7 d、3剂次组第3针疫苗接种前与接种后7 d的淋巴细胞亚群和12种细胞因子水平差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 接种新型冠状病毒灭活疫苗(Vero细胞)后机体可产生中和抗体和反应性抗体。接种疫苗不会影响人体免疫功能。Objective To investigate the changes of antibody production and immune function in healthy subjects after receiving novel coronavirus-inactivated vaccine(Vero cell). Methods Totally,121 volunteers were classified into two dose and three dose groups. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2) total antibodies(IgG+IgM+IgA),SARS-CoV-2 IgG,SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain(RBD)specific neutralizing antibody,lymphocyte subsets and 12 cytokine levels were determined before the first dose,at 7 d after the second dose,before the third dose(half a year after the second dose) and at 7 d after the third dose.Results After the volunteers received the vaccine in the two dose group,the positive rates of SARS-CoV-2 total antibody and SARS-CoV-2 IgG were all 93.44%,and the positive rate of neutralizing antibody of SARS-CoV-2 was 81.96%. For the three dose group,the positive rate of SARS-CoV-2 total antibody was 100.00%,and the positive rate of SARS-CoV-2 IgG was 93.33%. The total antibody level of SARS-CoV-2 in the three dose group at 7 d after the third dose was higher than that in the two dose group at 7 d after the second dose(P<0.001),and the neutralizing antibody level was also statistically significant(P<0.01). The percentage of T follicular helper cell(Tfh) in the two dose group at 7 d after the second dose(11.40%) was higher than that before the first dose(3.92%)(P<0.01).There was no statistical significance in lymphocyte subsets and 12 cytokine levels before the first dose and at 7 d after the second dose in the two dose group,and there was no statistical significance in the three dose group(P>0.05).Conclusions Neutralizing and reactive antibodies can be produced after vaccination with novel coronavirusinactivated vaccine(Vero cell). Vaccination does not affect the immune function of the humans.

关 键 词：新型冠状病毒 灭活疫苗 中和抗体 淋巴细胞亚群 细胞因子 

分 类 号：R446.1[医药卫生—诊断学]