可溶性硅和杀菌剂对禾谷镰孢活性影响及田间药效试验  

Effects of Soluble Silicon and Fungicides on the Activity of Fusarium graminearum and Field Efficacy Tests

作　　者：杨克泽 马金慧 吴之涛 李文学 常浩 汪亮芳 徐志鹏 施莉莉 任宝仓 YANG Ke-ze;MA Jin-hui;WU Zhi-tao;LI Wen-xue;CHANG Hao;WANG Liang-fang;XU Zhi-peng;SHI Li-li;REN Bao-cang(Gansu Academy of Agri-engineering Technology/Wuwei Tech-innovation Center for Green Prevention and Control of Corn Diseases and Pests/Gansu Engi-research Center for Green Control of Corn Diseases and Pests,Wuwei 733000;Gansu Huangyanghe Group Seed Industry Co.,Ltd.,Wuwei 733000,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省农业工程技术研究院/武威市玉米病虫害绿色防控技术创新中心/甘肃省玉米病虫害绿色防控工程研究中心,甘肃武威733000 [2]甘肃亚盛种业黄羊河有限责任公司,甘肃武威733000

出　　处：《玉米科学》2022年第4期172-178,183,共8页Journal of Maize Sciences

基　　金：甘肃省重点研发计划(18YF1NA011);甘肃省玉米产业技术体系(GARS-02-03);甘肃省青年科技基金计划(20R10RA482);甘肃省定西市科技计划(DX2021AR09)项目;甘肃省陇原青年人才创新个人项目(甘组通字[2021]17号)。

摘　　要：以禾谷镰孢菌为研究对象,在室内测定不同浓度可溶性硅和不同杀菌剂及其互配对禾谷镰孢菌生长的影响。结果表明,可溶性硅浓度越大,对禾谷镰孢菌的抑制率越高,1666.7 mg/L硅处理后对禾谷镰孢菌的抑制率达30.3%。40%咯菌腈·氟唑菌酰羟胺(0.008 mg/L)对禾谷镰孢菌的毒力最强(EC_(50)=0.008 mg/L),可溶性硅与40%咯菌腈·氟唑菌酰羟胺混配可明显降低对禾谷镰孢菌的抑制率,降幅为8.7%~12.87%;可溶性硅与5%香芹酚按不同比例混配对禾谷镰孢菌互作效应不同;可溶性硅与其他四种杀菌剂混配都能促进对禾谷镰孢菌的抑制。田间药效试验表明,除40%咯菌腈·氟唑菌酰羟胺外,其他5种杀菌剂与硅肥混合喷施防效和产量都高于单喷,其中,混合喷施2000 mg/L可溶性硅肥+25%吡唑醚菌酯防效最好,增产最高。Fusarium graminearum was taken as the research object,and the effects of different concentrations of soluble silicon,different fungicides and interaction of fungicides on the growth of F.graminearum were determined in the laboratory.The results showed that the inhibition rates of 1666.7 mg/L silicon to F.graminearum were30.3%the higher concentration of soluble silicon,the higher the inhibition rate to F.graminearu.40%Fludioxonil·fluconazole hydroxylamineon had the highest toxicity to F.graminearum(EC_(50)=0.008 mg/L),40%Fludioxonil·fluconazole hydroxylamineon the pathogen of Corn stalk rot was obviously reduced by 8.7%-12.87%.The effect of the mixture of soluble silicon and carvacrol on the interaction of F.graminearum was different,the other fungicides could promote the inhibition of F.graminearum among them.The results of field efficacy test showed that,in addition to40%Fludioxonil·fluconazole hydroxylamineon,the other 5 fungicides and silicon fertilizer combined spraying had higher control effect and yield than single spraying,among which 2000 mg/L soluble silicon fertilizer plus 25%Pyraclostrobi had the best control effect and the highest yield increase.

关 键 词：玉米茎腐病 杀菌剂 禾谷镰孢菌 田间药效 

分 类 号：S435.131[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]