安徽省淮北市2018—2020年登革热传播媒介监测分析  

Monitoring analysis of dengue transmission vector in Huaibei, Anhui, 2018-2020

作　　者：闵慧[1] 李裴裴 王先强 MIN Hui;LI Pei-pei;WANG Xian-qiang(Huaibei Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Huaibei,Anhui 235000,China)

机构地区：[1]淮北市疾病预防控制中心,安徽淮北235000

出　　处：《中国热带医学》2022年第6期544-548,共5页China Tropical Medicine

摘　　要：目的 调查淮北市城市和农村登革热媒介伊蚊密度、季节消长及分布变化规律,为预防控制登革热提供科学依据。方法 2018—2020年每年的5—10月份,采用布雷图指数(BI)法,以淮北市濉溪县百善镇、铁佛镇四个村的居民做为农村监测点,烈山区杨庄街道办、烈山街道办四个社区的居民做为城镇监测点,开展登革热媒介伊蚊幼蚊监测,分析淮北市城镇和农村媒介伊蚊幼蚊的密度和分布。利用SPSS19.0软件进行分析,3年间容器指数(CI)差异采用χ^(2)检验。结果 2018—2020年全市布雷图指数分别为13.5、4.92、8.33,平均BI为8.92;2018—2020农村布雷图指数分别为13.33、4.83、8.17,平均BI为8.78;2018—2020城镇布雷图指数分别为13.67、5.00、8.50,平均BI为9.06。每年全市BI峰值主要出现在7—8月,2018和2020年存在区域流行风险,2019年存在传播风险。监测显示孳生地种类中闲置容器(碗、瓶等)积水最多。3年间全市CI分别为9.24、5.58、7.85,平均CI为8.92;农村CI分别为9.13、5.58、7.58,平均CI为8.78;城市CI分别为9.34、5.75、8.15,平均CI为9.06。2018年和2019年容器阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=5.731,P<0.05)。结论 根据3年监测结果,观察到闲置容器是伊蚊幼虫的主要孳生场所,密度较高,农村和城市都同时存在流行潜在风险,应加强外环境治理、病媒消杀、宣传教育等有效控制手段,消除登革热流行的潜在传播因素。Objective To investigate the density,seasonal fluctuation and distribution of Aedes albopictus vector of dengue fever in urban and rural areas of Huaibei City,and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of dengue fever.Methods From May to October of each year from 2018 to 2020,Brett index(BI) method was used to monitor the density and distribution of dengue vector Aedes albopictus larvae in four villages of Baishan town and Tiefo Town,Suixi County,Huaibei City,and residents of four communities of Yangzhuang sub district office and Lieshan sub district office of Lieshan district.SPSS 19.0 software was used for analysis,and χ^(2) test was used for the difference of container index(CI) in three years.Results From 2018 to 2020,the Bretu index of the whole city was 13.5,4.92 and 8.33 respectively,with an average BI of8.92;From 2018 to 2020,the rural Bretu index of rural area was 13.33,4.83 and 8.17 respectively,with an average BI of 8.78;From 2018 to 2020,the urban Bretu index was 13.67,5.00 and 8.50 respectively,and the average BI was 9.06.The annual BI peak of the whole city mainly occured from July to August.There was a regional epidemic risk in 2018 and 2020,and there was a transmission risk in 2019.The monitoring showed that there was the largest amount of water in idle containers(bowls,bottles,etc.) among the species of breeding grounds.In the past three years,the city’s CI was 9.24,5.58 and 7.85 respectively,with an average CI of 8.92;The rural CI was 9.13,5.58 and 7.58 respectively,with an average CI of 8.78;The urban CI was 9.34,5.75 and 8.15 respectively,and the average CI was 9.06.There was significant difference in the positive rate of containers between2018 and 2019(χ^(2)=5.731,P<0.05).Conclusions According to the three-year monitoring results,it is observed that idle containers are the main breeding places of Aedes mosquito larvae,with high density.There are potential epidemic risks in both rural and urban areas.Effective control measures such as external environment control,vector

关 键 词：登革热 密度 伊蚊孳生地 监测 

分 类 号：R512.8[医药卫生—内科学]