河西走廊黑果枸杞群落植物生态位特征研究  

Study on Plant Niche Characteristics of Lycium ruthenicum Community in Hexi Corridor

作　　者：张芝萍[1] 李得禄[2] ZHANG Zhi-ping;LI De-lu(Gansu Linze Desert Ecosystem Research Station,Gansu Desert Control Research Institute,Lanzhou,Gansu 734200;State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Desertification and Aeolian Sand Disaster Combating,Gansu Desert Control Research Institute,Lanzhou,Gansu 730070)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省临泽荒漠生态系统国家定位观测研究站,甘肃省治沙研究所,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘肃省荒漠化与风沙灾害防治国家重点实验室/甘肃省治沙研究所,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2022年第17期62-65,97,共5页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31760121,31660124);甘肃省林业和草原局自列项目(2019kj122)。

摘　　要：运用Simpson生态位宽度指数及Pianka生态位重叠指数对河西走廊黑果枸杞群落植物生态位宽度及生态位重叠度进行统计,从生态位角度分析黑果枸杞群落内各物种对资源的利用状况,揭示黑果枸杞群落的结构及分布格局。结果表明,在不同黑果枸杞样地,重要值较大的是黑果枸杞、芦苇和盐爪爪,分别为1277.42、232.96和231.71;10个样黑果枸杞的分布区不同植被的生态位宽度较大的物种(B_(i)>0.5)有黑果枸杞、细叶骆驼蓬、芦苇、白刺,分别为0.86、0.69、0.69、0.55,且宽度值较为接近,说明这4种植物对黑果枸杞群落环境适应能力很强,能利用环境中的绝大多数资源;生态位宽度较大的物种之间具有较高的生态位重叠度,而较大生态位宽度的物种不一定与其他物种有较高的重叠度,这在一定程度上说明以黑果枸杞为主的植被群落的生态位宽度和生态位重叠并不存在直接的线性关系,而植被在演替进化的过程中对资源利用分化严重,环境资源存在着高度的空间异质性。Simpson niche breadth index and Pianka niche overlap index were used to calculate the plant niche breadth and niche overlap degree of Lycium ruthenicum community in Hexi corridor.The utilization status of resources of each species in the community was analyzed from the perspective of niche,and the structure and distribution pattern of Lycium ruthenicum community were revealed.The results showed that in different Lycium ruthenicum plots,the important values of Lycium ruthenicum,Phragmites australis and Kalidium foliatum were 1277.42,232.96 and 231.71,respectively;the species with larger width(B_(i)>0.5)of different vegetation in the distribution areas of 10 samples of Lycium ruthenicum were Lycium ruthenicum,Peganum harmala,Phragmites australis and Nitraria tangutorum,with values of 0.86,0.69,0.69,and 0.55,respectively,and the width values were relatively close,which indicated that these four plants had strong adaptability to the environment of Lycium ruthenicum community and could utilize most of the resources in the environment.The species with larger niche width had higher niche overlap degree,while the species with larger niche width did not necessarily have higher overlap degree with other species.To a certain extent,this indicates that there was no direct linear relationship between the niche width and the niche overlap of the vegetation community dominated by Lycium ruthenicum,while the vegetation had serious differentiation of resource utilization in the process of succession and evolution,and the environmental resources had a high degree of spatial heterogeneity.

关 键 词：黑果枸杞 群落 生态位 结构 分布格局 河西走廊 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]