不同基质类型及配比对“深圳红”月季生长适应性的影响  

Effects of Different Substrate Types and Ratio on the Growth Adaptability of Rosa chinensis‘Shenzhenhong’

作　　者：胡成先 秦密 梁琼芳[1] 谢锐星[1] 邱志敬[1,3] HU Cheng-xian;QIN Mi;LIANG Qiong-fang(Shenzhen Fairy Lake Botanical Garden,Shenzhen,Guangdong 518004;Shenzhen Bajun Environment Landscape Co.,Ltd.,Shenzhen,Guangdong 518000)

机构地区：[1]深圳市仙湖植物园,广东深圳518004 [2]深圳市八骏环境景观有限公司,广东深圳518000 [3]深圳市南亚热带植物多样性重点实验室,广东深圳518004

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2022年第17期98-101,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：深圳市城市管理和综合执法局资助项目(201926);中国科学院战略生物资源能力建设项目(KFJ-BRP-017-29)。

摘　　要：[目的]探明适合在深圳及相似气候地区种植“深圳红”月季的栽培方式(包括种植容器和栽培基质类型选择),以期为深圳及相似气候地区推广应用“深圳红”月季提供理论指导和技术支持。[方法]以“深圳红”月季为研究对象,通过定期测定其营养生长指标与生殖生长指标,研究不同基质类型及配比对“深圳红”月季生长适应性的影响。[结果]基质配比类型为泥炭土∶蘑菇肥∶黄泥∶沙=3∶3∶2∶2的“深圳红”营养生长长势旺盛,花量多,开花品质优,开花状态佳。基质配比类型为月季专用介质的“深圳红”月季长势、开花品质和开花状态次之。基质配比类型为泥炭土∶蘑菇肥∶珍珠岩∶椰糠=4∶3∶2∶1在长势和开花品质上表现一般。泥炭土∶靓土∶蛭石∶珍珠岩=4∶3∶2∶1的基质配比类型表现最差,具体表现为叶片泛黄,长势弱、花量极少。[结论]选择规格为长、宽、高分别为200 cm、45 cm、45 cm的木箱作为种植容器,经综合比较得出最适宜“深圳红”月季在深圳或相似气候地区栽培的基质类型配比为泥炭土∶蘑菇肥∶黄泥∶沙=3∶3∶2∶2。[Objective]To explore the most suitable cultivation methods(including the selection of planting containers and cultivation substrates)of Rosa chinensis‘Shenzhenhong’planting in Shenzhen and similar climate areas,and to provide theoretical guidance and technical support for popularization and application of Rosa chinensis‘Shenzhenhong’in Shenzhen and similar climate areas.[Method]Taking Rosa chinensis‘Shenzhenhong’as the research object,by regularly measuring its vegetative growth index and reproductive growth index,the effects of different substrate types and ratios on the growth adaptability of Rosa chinensis‘Shenzhenhong’were studied.[Result]The vegetative growth of substrate ratio type of peat soil∶mushroom fertilizer∶yellow mud∶sand=3∶3∶2∶2 was vigorous,with more flowers,better flowering quality and better flowering state.The growth and flowering quality and good flowering state of Rosa chinensis‘Shenzhenhong’with the substrate ratio type of rose-specific medium were the second.Peat soil∶mushroom fertilizer∶perlite coconut bran=4∶3∶2∶1 substrate ratio type showed average growth and flowering quality.While peat soil∶beautiful soil∶vermiculite∶perlite=4∶3∶2∶1 substrate ratio type was the worst,which showed yellow leaves,weak growth and few flowers.[Conclusion]The length,width and height of 200 cm,45 cm and 45 cm were selected as the planting container.After comprehensive comparison,it was concluded that the most suitable substrate type ratio for the cultivation of Rosa chinensis‘Shenzhenhong’in Shenzhen and similar climate areas is peat soil∶mushroom fertilizer∶yellow mud∶sand=3∶3∶2∶2.

关 键 词：“深圳红”月季 基质配比 生长量 适应性 影响 

分 类 号：S685.12[农业科学—观赏园艺]