磷-氮-锡膨胀阻燃剂阻燃聚丙烯的性能研究  

Study on the Properties of Flame Retardant Polypropylene with P-N-Sn Intumescent Flame Retardant

作　　者：马殿普 潘飞 李俊 李青 杨士玉 罗谈 杨迪 符泽卫 MA Dianpu;PAN Fei;LI Jun;LI Qing;YANG Shiyu;LUO Tan;YANG Di;FU Zewei(Yunnan Tin Industry Group(Holding)Company Limted R&D Center,Kunming 650200,China;Faculty of Material Science and Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China)

机构地区：[1]云南锡业集团(控股)有限责任公司研发中心,云南昆明650200 [2]昆明理工大学材料科学与工程学院,云南昆明650093

出　　处：《塑料工业》2022年第8期143-149,共7页China Plastics Industry

基　　金：云南省重大科技专项-云南省稀贵金属材料基因工程(一期2020)(202002AB080001);云南省重大科技专项-锡-磷高效阻燃材料关键技术开发与产业化示范(202102AB080002);云南省“万人计划”产业技术领军人才专项(YNWRCYJS-2017-056)。

摘　　要：在三嗪成炭剂和聚磷酸铵复配基础上,添加少量羟基锡酸锌(ZHS)作为协效剂,复配成磷-氮-锡(P-N-Sn)膨胀阻燃剂,通过热重分析(TG)、极限氧指数(LOI)、UL94测试、锥形量热仪以及扫描电镜(SEM)等测试手段,研究不同质量分数的P-N-Sn体系对PP复合材料阻燃抑烟性能及炭层结构的影响。实验结果表明,三嗪成炭剂-聚磷酸铵(TCA-APP)质量分数为26%时,阻燃PP复合材料在800℃时的残炭率提高了8.54%,最大热失重速率(MMLR)降低了44%,LOI由纯PP的18.8%提升至27.2%,UL94垂直燃烧等级达到V-0级,峰值热释放速率(pHRR)由599.79 kW/m^(2)降至277.40 kW/m^(2),热释放总量(THR)由141.23 MJ/m^(2)降至133.68 MJ/m^(2);ZHS的加入提升了P-N-Sn体系的阻燃和抑烟性能,添加0.5%的ZHS,残炭率提升至13.15%,SEM显示材料表面形成了致密的炭层,LOI达到32%,同时抑烟性能也得到了体现,热释放速率和总热释放量进一步降低。Based on the compound of Triazine char-forming agent and ammonium polyphosphate(TCA-APP),a small amount of zinc hydroxystannate(ZHS)was added as a synergist to form phosphorus-nitrogen-tin(P-N-Sn)intumescent flame retardant.The effects of the different addition of P-N-Sn system on the flame retardant and smoke suppression properties and carbon layer structure of PP composites were studied by thermogravimetric(TG),limiting oxygen index(LOI),UL94 vertical combustion grade test, cone calorimeter and scanning electron microscope(SEM)and other test methods.The experimental results show when the addition of TCA-APP is 26%,the carbon residue rate of the flame retardant PP composites at 800 ℃ increases by 8.54%,and the maximum thermal weight loss rate(MMLR)decreases by 44%,LOI increases from 18.8%of pure PP to 27.2%,UL94 vertical combustion grade could achieve V-0,peak heat release rate(pHRR)decreases from 599.79 kW/m^(2) to 277.40 kW/m^(2),the total heat release amount(THR)decreases from 141.23 MJ/m^(2) to 133.68 MJ/m^(2).The addition of ZHS improves the flame retardant and smoke suppression properties of the P-N-Sn system, and the addition of 0.5%ZHS increases the carbon residue rate to 13.15%.The SEM shows a dense carbon layer is formed on the surface of the material, the LOI reaches 32%,and the smoke suppression performance is also reflected, and the heat release rate and total heat release are further reduced.

关 键 词：聚丙烯 三嗪类成炭剂 羟基锡酸锌 膨胀型阻燃剂 

分 类 号：TQ325.14[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]