从民间故事看熊崇拜的嬗变——以赫哲族熊崇拜故事为中心  

Research on the Evolution of Bear Cult from the Perspective of Folk Tales——Centered on the Hezhen People’s Bear Cult Folk Tales

作　　者：田梦[1] TIAN Meng(Minzu University of China,Beijing 100081)

机构地区：[1]中央民族大学中国少数民族语言文学学院,北京100081

出　　处：《呼伦贝尔学院学报》2022年第4期86-91,共6页Journal of Hulunbuir University

基　　金：2018年国家社会科学基金重大项目课题“东北人口较少民族口头文学抢救性整理与研究”(18ZDA269)。

摘　　要：熊崇拜的诞生与嬗变有其历史必然性,虽然年代久远,相关研究资料较少,但其变化过程却在分布广泛的熊崇拜故事中留下了痕迹。本文以具有独特“人变熊”情节的赫哲族熊崇拜故事为中心,将其与鄂伦春族、鄂温克族和北美洲原住民中流传的相关故事进行比较研究,对故事文本展开叙事分析,在此基础上结合与熊崇拜相关的仪式与禁忌,探讨“熊”这一意象从“神化”到“人化”的过程,及此过程中反映出的人类主客体认知观念变化与熊崇拜嬗变情况。The birth and evolution of bear cult has its historical inevitability,and although there is a lack of research materials,its change process has left traces in the widely distributed bear cult folktales. This paper focuses on the Hezhen people’s bear cult tales with a unique plot of“man into bear”,and compares it with the relevant stories spread among the Oroqen people,Ewenki people and the Native People of North America,so as to explore the process of the image of“bear”from“deification”to“personification ”on the basis of narrative analysis of the tales and related rituals and taboos,and discusses the evolution of bear cult reflected in the process.

关 键 词：熊崇拜 赫哲族 鄂伦春族 鄂温克族 北美洲原住民 

分 类 号：I277.3[文学—中国文学]