去雄时间对番茄杂交种种子产量的影响  

Effects of Emasculation Time on Seed Yield of Tomato Hybrids

作　　者：康传凯 管章枫 曹辰兴[1] KANG Chuankai;GUAN Zhangfeng;CAO Chenxing(College of Horticulture,Shandong Agricultural University,Taian 271001,China)

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学园艺学院,山东泰安271001

出　　处：《蔬菜》2022年第9期16-19,共4页Vegetables

基　　金：山东省农业科技资金(园区产业提升工程)(2019YQ030)。

摘　　要：为了提高番茄杂种种子的纯度和产量,需要确定适宜的去雄时间。以番茄杂交组合SD-26-38的父母本为材料,分别在日光温室内和露地设置开花前2 d上午、开花前2 d下午、开花前1 d上午、开花前1 d下午4个去雄时间,在开花当天上午9:00—10:00进行授粉,研究不同去雄时间对坐果率及单果种子数的影响。结果表明:无论是日光温室内还是露地条件下,在开花前1 d下午去雄的番茄坐果率、平均单果种子数均最高,温室条件下分别为96.0%和134.9粒,露地条件下分别为60.7%和88.7粒。各处理杂种种子纯度均为100%,满足生产需求。综合得出,在番茄开花前1 d下午人工去雄的制种效果最好。In order to improve the seed purity and yield of tomato hybrid,it is necessary to determine the appropriate time of emasculation.The parents of the hybrid combination SD-26-38 were used as materials,and artificial pollination was carried out between 9:00-10:00 a.m.on the day of flowering.Four emasculation times were set in the solar greenhouse and the open field respectively,including 2 days in the morning before flowering,2 days in the afternoon before flowering,1 day in the morning before flowering and 1 day in the afternoon before flowering,and the effect of different emasculation times on the rate of fruit set and number of seeds per fruit was studied.The results showed that both in the solar greenhouse and in the open field,the rate of fruit set and the average number of seeds per fruit of tomato were the highest when emasculation was performed 1 day in the afternoon before flowering,which were 96.0%and 134.9 seeds respectively in the greenhouse,and 60.7%and 88.7 seeds respectively in the open field.The purity of hybrid seeds of every treatment was 100%,which met the production requirements.In conclusion,the best effect of tomato seed production was achieved by artificial emasculation 1 day in the afternoon before flowering.

关 键 词：番茄 去雄 杂种种子 产量 纯度 

分 类 号：S641.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]