论《民法典》中受益第三人请求权基础  

On the Basis of Right to Claim of Beneficial Third Party in Civil Code

作　　者：吴文嫔[1] WU Wenpin(Law School,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China)

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学法学院,北京100044

出　　处：《成都理工大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第3期54-64,共11页Journal of Chengdu University of Technology:Social Sciences

基　　金：北京市社会科学基金研究课题(20FXB009)。

摘　　要：第三人利益合同之受益第三人享有对债务人的直接给付请求权,这是受益第三人能独立提起诉讼的请求权基础。两大法系代表性国家皆立法明文规定了受益第三人的给付请求权,给予受益第三人请求权基础,从而确认第三人的原告诉讼主体资格。《中华人民共和国民法典》顺应现代契约法发展趋势,改变了合同法不真正第三人利益合同的规定,第465条对合同相对性原则作了灵活性规定,第522条第2款规定了第三人利益合同,明文化受益第三人的直接给付请求权,从而奠定受益第三人对债务人提起诉讼的请求权基础,受益第三人由此获得独立的诉讼主体资格,得以对债务人提起给付之诉与损害赔偿之诉。The third party of contract for the benefit of third party has the right to claim against the debtor directly, which is the basis of the beneficial third party’s right to bring a lawsuit independently. The representative countries of the two major legal systems have clearly stipulated the third party’s right of claim, laying the foundation of the third party’s right of claim basis, so as to confirm the qualification of the third party’s plaintiff as the subject of action. “Civil Code” conforms to developing trend of modern contract law and changes “Contract Law” provisions, making principle of privity of contract flexible by Article 465, stipulating contract for the benefit of third party by Article 522,so as to lay the basis of right of the third party to claim against the debtor.The beneficial third party thus obtains the independent litigation subject qualification and can initiate the action of payment and damage compensation against the debtor.

关 键 词：第三人利益合同 受益第三人 请求权基础 《民法典》 

分 类 号：D923.6[政治法律—民商法学]