嗜热芽孢杆菌SL-2产生物乳化剂的研究  

Bio-emulsifier Produced by A Thermophilic Bacillus Strain SL-2

作　　者：王雅洁 梁绮雯 杨芳芳 WANG Yajie;LIANG Qiwen;YANG Fangfang(Guangzhou Health Science College,Guangzhou 510450,China)

机构地区：[1]广州卫生职业技术学院,广东广州510450

出　　处：《生物化工》2022年第4期39-43,共5页Biological Chemical Engineering

基　　金：2022年度广州市高等教育教学质量与教学改革工程课程教研室项目(2022KCJYS038);广州卫生职业技术学院2022年度教学质量与教学改革工程项目(20221301)。

摘　　要：生物乳化剂是一种由细菌新陈代谢形成的生物表面活性化合物。在胜利油田油井中分离并检测到了一株能形成某种生物乳化剂的菌株SL-2,经确认是苍白地芽胞杆菌。深入研究发现,该菌株所形成的生物乳化剂的化学构成和理化特性对研究中高油藏生物乳化剂有着重大价值。在试验中通过化学显色、红外光谱和氨基酸自动解析法等方式,确认生物乳化剂的化学构成;通过乳化物在不同条件下产生的乳化指数(EI-24)判断其理化特性。通过结果可确定由菌株SL-2在60℃条件下生长所形成的乳化剂的主要成分是多糖、脂类和蛋白质,其主要活性成分蛋白质对汽油、甲苯、二甲苯和煤气等石油烃都有很好的乳化效应;理化特性分析进一步表明,该乳化剂具有耐高温、耐盐、抗酸的优异性能。Biological emulsifier is a type of surface active compounds produced by microorganisms.The bioemulsifier produced by a new isolatd strain from Shengli oilfield was studied.We isolated a strain SL-2 producing bioemulsifier and the strain was identified as Geobacillus pallidus.In-depth study found that the chemical composition and physical and chemical characteristics of the bio emulsifier formed by this strain are of great value to the study of bio emulsifiers in medium and high oil reservoirs.The chemical composition of the emulsifier was determined by the method of chemical color,infrared spectrum and amino acid automatic analysis.The physical and chemical properties were determined according to the emulsifying index(EI-24)under different conditions.The results showed that the main components of the emulsifier formed by strain SL-2 growing at 60℃were polysaccharides,lipids and proteins,and its main active component proteins had a good emulsifying effect on petroleum hydrocarbons such as gasoline,toluene,xylene and coal gas;The analysis of physical and chemical properties further showed that the emulsifier had excellent properties of high temperature resistance,salt resistance and acid resistance.

关 键 词：生物乳化剂 苍白地芽胞杆菌 理化性质 微生物采油 

分 类 号：Q936[生物学—微生物学]