倒V型稻田株间除草装置虚拟仿真及验证  

Virtual simulation and verification of inverted V-shaped inter-plant weeding device for paddy field

作　　者：靳文停 葛宜元[1,2] 樊文武 马浏轩[1,2] 李文龙[1] 杨荣敏 Jin Wenting;Ge Yiyuan;Fan Wenwu;Ma Liuxuan;Li Wenlong;Yang Rongmin(School of Mechanical Engineering,Jiamusi University,Jiamusi,154007,China;Jiamusi Bofa Agricultural Machinery Research Limited Company,Jiamusi,154007,China)

机构地区：[1]佳木斯大学机械工程学院,黑龙江佳木斯154007 [2]佳木斯博发农业机械研究有限公司,黑龙江佳木斯154007

出　　处：《中国农机化学报》2022年第10期72-77,共6页Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization

基　　金：黑龙江省自然科学基金联合引导项目(LH2020E026);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-01);黑龙江省教育厅基本科研业务费(2019-KYYWF-1378);黑龙江省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202110222124)。

摘　　要：针对现有稻田株间除草装置除草率低、伤苗率高的问题,对已设计的倒V型稻田株间除草装置进行有限元虚拟仿真。采用ALE多物质单元体算法建立土壤—水耦合模型,运用罚函数法,对除草爪与土壤—水模型进行流固耦合。采用二次正交旋转组合试验设计方法选取机器前进速度、除草爪转速与水层厚度进行虚拟仿真试验与分析,得到各因素及其一级交互作用对除草爪与土壤—水模型扰动率的影响规律,影响扰动率因素为除草爪转速>水层厚度>机器前进速度。通过对虚拟仿真试验结果进行优化设计,得到倒V型株间除草装置最佳因素参数组合为机器前进速度为0.53 m/s,除草爪转速为180 r/min,水层厚度为0.01 m。通过对仿真优化设计结果室内试验验证可知,倒V型稻田株间除草装置在最佳因素参数组合下进行除草作业平均除草率85.04%、平均伤苗率3.62%,满足稻田机械株间除草农艺要求。Aiming at the problems of low weeding rate and high seedling damage rate of existing paddy field inter-plant weeding device,this paper carried out finite element virtual simulation on the designed inverted V-shaped paddy field inter-plant weeding device.The ALE multi-substance unit algorithm was used to establish a soil-water coupling model,and a penalty function method was used to perform fluid-structure interaction between the weeding claw and the soil-water model.Using the quadratic orthogonal rotation combined experiment design method to select the machine forward speed,the rotary velocity of weeding claw and the thickness of water layer for virtual simulation experiment and analysis,the influence of each factor and its first-level interaction on the disturbance rate of the weeding claw and the soil-water model was obtained.The order of the influence of each factor on the soil disturbance rate was rotary velocity of weeding claw>thickness of water layer>machine forward speed.By optimizing the design of the virtual simulation test results,the optimal combination of factors and parameters of the inverted V-shaped inter-plant weeding device was obtained as the machine forward speed was 0.53 m/s,the rotary velocity of weeding claw was 180 r/min,and the thickness of water layer was 0.01 m.Through the verification of the simulation optimization design results,the indoor test showed that the inverted V-type paddy field weeding device performed weeding operations with the best combination of factors and parameters.The average weeding rate was 85.04%and the average seedling damage rate was 3.62%,which met the agronomic requirements of paddy field machinery for inter-plant weeding.

关 键 词：稻田 土壤 株间除草装置 有限元方法 流固耦合 正交试验 

分 类 号：S224.15[农业科学—农业机械化工程]