江阴市喘息性疾病患儿血清特异性过敏原检测分析  

Detection and analysis of serum specific allergens in children with asthmatic diseases in Jiangyin

作　　者：张晓燕[1] 马祎喆 刘桂华[1] ZHANG Xiao-yan;MA Yi-zhe;LIU Gui-hua(Department of Pediatrics,Jiangyin People's Hospital,Jiangyin 214400,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省江阴市人民医院儿科,214400

出　　处：《中国实用医药》2022年第18期113-117,共5页China Practical Medicine

摘　　要：目的 分析江阴市喘息性疾病患儿特异性免疫球蛋白E(sIgE)的检测结果及过敏原分布特征,旨在为疾病的诊治和预防宣教提供依据。方法 495例江阴市人民医院儿科住院治疗的患儿,根据疾病情况分为喘息组(281例,诊断为毛细支气管炎、喘息性支气管炎、喘息性肺炎、支气管哮喘)和对照组(214例,呼吸道疾病且既往无喘息史患儿);根据年龄分为婴儿组(29 d~1岁, 33例)、幼儿组(2~3岁, 141例)、学龄前组(4~6岁, 220例)、学龄组(5~14岁, 101例)。所有患儿均进行体外过敏原s IgE检测,统计过敏源分布情况;比较喘息组和对照组患儿s IgE阳性率,各年龄段喘息患儿和无喘息患儿sIgE阳性率。结果 495例患儿中前6位过敏原分别为户尘螨(178例, 35.96%)、牛奶(167例,33.74%)、腰果(157例, 31.72%)、鸡蛋白(146例, 29.49%)、树木组合(137例, 27.68%)、霉菌组合(132例,26.67%)。喘息组前6位过敏原分别为牛奶(114例, 40.57%)、户尘螨(112例, 39.86%)、腰果(108例,38.43%)、鸡蛋白(95例, 33.81%)、树木组合(86例, 30.60%)、霉菌组合(78例, 27.76%)。对照组前6位过敏原分别为户尘螨(66例, 30.84%)、霉菌组合(54例, 25.23%)、牛奶(53例, 24.77%)、树木组合(51例,23.83%)、鸡蛋白(51例, 23.83%)、腰果(49例, 22.90%)。喘息组和对照组前6位过敏原(吸入组和食入组各3种)种类一致,阳性率高低顺序有一定差异。喘息组户尘螨、屋尘、牛奶、鸡蛋白、腰果、虾、蟹阳性率分别为39.86%、23.84%、40.57%、33.81%、38.43%、6.76%、14.23%,均明显高于对照组的30.84%、12.15%、24.77%、23.83%、22.90%、2.80%、7.48%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。婴儿组喘息患儿户尘螨、霉菌组合、树木组合及牛奶、鸡蛋白、腰果阳性率与无喘息患儿比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);幼儿组喘息患儿中牛奶阳性率47.96%明显高于无喘息患儿的25.58%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);学龄前组喘息患儿中户尘螨阳性Objective To analyze the detection results of specific immunoglobulin E(sIgE) in children with asthmatic diseases in Jiangyin, and to investigate the distribution characteristics of allergens, so as to provide foundation for disease diagnosis and treatment, propaganda and education for prevention. Methods 495 children in the Department of Pediatrics of Jiangyin People’s Hospital were divided into an asthma group(281 children who were diagnosed as bronchiolitis, asthmatic bronchitis, asthmatic pneumonia, bronchial asthma)and a control group(214 children with respiratory diseases and without history of asthma) based on their disease;while they were divided into a baby group(29 d-1 year old, 33 cases), an infant group(2-3 year old, 141 cases),a preschool group(4-6 years old, 220 cases) and a school-age group(5-14 years old, 101 cases) based on their age. All children received an examination for in vitro allergen sIgE, and the distribution of allergens was counted and analyzed. The sIgE positive rates in children were compared between the asthma group and the control group;and the sIgE positive rates were compared between the asthmatic and non-asthmatic children of all age ranges. Results The top 6 allergens in 495 children were dermatophagoides pteronyssinus(178 cases, 35.96%),milk(167 cases, 33.74%), cashew nut(157 cases, 31.72%), egg white(146 cases, 29.49%), combination of trees(137 cases, 27.68%), combination of molds(132 cases, 26.67%). The top 6 allergens in the asthma group were milk(114 cases, 40.57%), dermatophagoides pteronyssinus(112 cases, 39.86%), cashew nut(108 cases, 38.43%),egg white(95 cases, 33.81%), combination of trees(86 cases, 30.60%) and combination of molds(78 cases,27.76%). The top 6 allergens in the control group were dermatophagoides pteronyssinus(66 cases, 30.84%),combination of molds(54 cases, 25.23%), milk(53 cases, 24.77%), combination of trees(51 cases, 23.83%), egg white(51 cases, 23.83%), cashew nut(49 cases, 22.90%). The top 6 allergens in the asthma group were the same to those

关 键 词：喘息性疾病 儿童 特异性过敏原 特异性免疫球蛋白E 

分 类 号：R725.6[医药卫生—儿科]