社区老年人功能性体适能现状及与慢性病共病的相关性分析  

Investigation of functional fitness and the relationship with multimorbidity in the elderly

作　　者：徐静[1] 李娇娇[1] 陈雅[1] 王丽[1] XU Jing;LI Jiao-jiao;CHEN Ya;WANG Li(School of Nursing,Suzhou Medical College,Soochow University,Suzhou 215006,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州大学苏州医学院护理学院,江苏省苏州市215006

出　　处：《实用老年医学》2022年第9期897-901,共5页Practical Geriatrics

基　　金：苏州大学人文社会科学科研项目(21XM2012);江苏省产学研合作项目(BY2018179)。

摘　　要：目的调查社区老年人功能性体适能水平,并分析功能性体适能水平与慢性病共病的关系。方法于2020年3~6月招募社区老年人432例,通过慢性病共病调查表进行共病筛查,采用老年人体适能测试(SFT)方法进行功能性体适能测试。结果与无共病的老人相比,慢性病共病老年人2 min踏步测试、肱二头肌屈举和30 s座椅站立次数均较少,“起立-步行”计时测试(TUGT)时间更长。随着慢性病数量增多,老年人2 min踏步测试和30 s座椅站立次数呈下降趋势,BMI和TUGT时间呈上升趋势。年龄(OR=1.058,95%CI:1.021~1.097)、经济来源(OR=0.368,95%CI:0.219~0.620)、肱二头肌屈举次数(OR=0.881,95%CI:0.822~0.945)和肥胖(OR=2.361,95%CI:1.096~5.084)是老年人慢性病共病的影响因素。结论老年慢性病共病病人心肺耐力、肌肉力量和动态平衡能力均低于无慢性病共病者。年龄、经济来源、肥胖和上肢肌肉力量是老年人慢性病共病的影响因素。Objective To investigate the functional fitness in the elderly with multimorbidity,and to analyze the relationship between functional fitness and the occurrence of multimorbidity.Methods From March to June 2020,432 elderly people in community were enrolled and received the screening of multimorbidity through the multimorbidity questionnaire and the fitness test including 2-minute step,30 s chair stand,30 s arm curl,back scratch,chair sit-and-reach,timed up and go test(TUGT)and body mass index(BMI).Results Compared with the elderly without multimorbidity,the elderly with multimorbidity had less repeated times in 2-minute step,30 s arm curl and 30 s chair stand(P<0.05),and longer time in TUGT(P=0.007).With the increase of the number of chronic diseases,the results of 2-minute step and 30 s chair stand test showed a downward trend(P<0.05),while BMI and TUGT time showed an upward trend(P=0.038,0.024).Logistic regression analysis showed that,in addition to age and economic source,30 s arm curl times and BMI were the risk factors of multimorbidity(P<0.05).Conclusions The levels of aerobic capacity,muscle strength and motor agility/dynamic balance in the elderly patients with multimorbidity are lower than those without multimorbidityy.Age,economic source,obesity and upper limb strength show influence on the incidence of multimorbidity in the elderly.

关 键 词：共病 身体功能 老年人 体适能 

分 类 号：R592[医药卫生—老年医学]