中韩经贸关系30年:成就、挑战与展望  

Thirty Years of China-South Korea Economic and Trade Relations:Achievements,Challenges and Prospects

作　　者：张爽[1] ZHANG Shuang(Chinese Academy of International Trade and Economic Cooperation,Beijing,100731)

机构地区：[1]商务部国际贸易经济合作研究院,北京100731

出　　处：《东北亚经济研究》2022年第5期46-58,共13页Northeast Asia Economic Research

摘　　要：2022年是中韩建交30周年。建交以来,两国在政治、经济、文化、教育等领域取得了全面而快速的发展,其中经贸关系发展成就最为显著,经历了冷战时期、快速发展期、成熟时期和竞争加剧时期四个发展阶段,呈现出贸易规模大、合作水平跨越式提升、水平分工取代垂直分工、服务贸易规模增长迅速、经济合作规模有限、中国长期处于逆差地位等经贸合作特点,同时也面临着朝鲜半岛政治风险难测、竞争风险加剧、韩国对本国企业过度保护、工会势力强大、严防技术外流、新政府上台不确定性增加等经贸合作风险因素。从中韩两国的长远利益来看,深化双边经贸合作有利于实现两国各自的战略目标,双方应早日推动落实RCEP,积极开拓“数字经济”“绿色经济”等新合作领域,加强在第三方市场的合作,借助“一带一路”建设加速东北亚区域一体化进程,同时重视“民心相通”建设,重塑两国经贸合作长远发展的民意基础。2022 marks the 30th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and South Korea.Since the establishment of diplomatic relations,the two countries have achieved comprehensive and rapid development in the fields of politics,economy,culture,education,etc.Among them economic and trade relations have achieved the most remarkable achievements,which has gone through four stages of development:the Cold War period,the period of rapid development,the period of maturity and the period of intensified competition,showing the characteristics of large scale of trade,leap-forward improvement of cooperation level,horizontal division of labor instead of vertical division of labor,rapid growth of service trade scale,limited scale of economic cooperation,and China’s long-term deficit status.At the same time,it is also faced with challenges such as unpredictable political risks on Korean peninsula,increased competitive risks,South Korea’s over-protection of domestic enterprises,strong labor unions,strict prevention of technology outflow,and increased uncertainty of the new government.From the perspective of the long-term interests of China and South Korea,deepening bilateral economic and trade cooperation is conducive to achieving their respective strategic goals.Both sides should promote the implementation of RCEP as soon as possible,actively explore new areas of cooperation such as “digital economy” and “green economy”,and strengthen cooperation in third-party markets.Accelerate the process of regional integration in Northeast Asia with the help of the “Belt and Road” construction,and at the same time attach importance to the construction of “people-to-people bonds”,so as to rebuild the public opinion foundation for the long-term development of economic and trade cooperation between the two countries.

关 键 词：韩国 东北亚 经贸关系 

分 类 号：F125[经济管理—世界经济]