基于q轴电流的模糊MRAS观测器PMSM无速度传感器控制  

Speed Sensorless Control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor With Fuzzy MRAS Observer Based on Q-axis Current

作　　者：邹甲[1] 张健侨 吉程椿 程琦豪 ZOU Jia;ZHANG Jianqiao;JI Chengchun;CHENG Qihao(Beijing Electrical Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京)机电学院电气系,北京100083

出　　处：《微电机》2022年第7期69-76,共8页Micromotors

摘　　要：针对永磁同步电机的模型参考自适应系统(MRAS)无速度传感器技术对电机参数变化敏感、转速及负载突变后转速及位置估计值不精确等缺点,提出一种基于q轴电流分量的模糊PI模型参考自适应观测方法。在传统的MRAS观测器方法基础上,通过实时检测q轴电流分量,结合模糊算法实时调整MRAS中的PI参数,形成模糊MRAS观测器,以修正由转速、负载及电机参数发生改变带来的速度及位置检测误差。同时,针对观测器内部电机参数敏感的特点,通过对电机d轴注入阶梯电压信号,从而得到稳态d轴电流,并利用欧姆定律对电机定子电阻进行预辨识,使模糊MRAS观测器得到的转速及位置估计值更准确。最后,以400 W表贴式永磁同步电机为实验研究对象进行了仿真以及实验分析,验证了该方法的有效性。Aiming at the shortcomings of the model reference adaptive system(MRAS) speed sensorless technology of permanent magnet synchronous motor, which were sensitive to changes in motor parameters, and inaccurate estimates of speed and position after abrupt changes in speed and load, a fuzzy PI model reference adaptive observation method based on q-axis current component was proposed. Based on the traditional MRAS observer method, the fuzzy MRAS observer was formed by real-time q-axis current component detection and real-time PI parameter adjustment in MRAS combined with fuzzy algorithm, so as to correct the speed and position detection error caused by the change of speed, load and motor parameters. At the same time, according to the sensitive characteristics of motor parameters in the observer, the steady d-axis current was obtained by injecting stepped voltage signal into the d-axis of the motor, and the pre-identification of motor stator resistance was realized by using Ohm’s law, so that the estimated speed and position of the fuzzy MRAS observer can be more accurate. Finally, the simulation and experimental analysis of 400 W surface mount permanent magnet synchronous motor were carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.

关 键 词：永磁同步电机 模糊MRAS q轴电流分量 负载突变 阶梯电压信号 定子电阻预辨识 

分 类 号：TM351[电气工程—电机] TM341[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置] TP273[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]