兔腹腔高压对其腹肌、膈肌损伤的病理观察  

Pathologic observation of abdominal muscle and diaphragm injury induced by peritoneal high pressure in rabbits

作　　者：王宏业[1] 杨秀峰[1] 齐凤龙 乔进余 张盼盼 齐彩霞[1] Wang Hongye;Yang Xiufeng;Qi Fenglong;Qiao Jinyu;Zhang Panpan;Qi Caixia(Department of Tumor Surgery,the Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Datong University,Datong 037005,China)

机构地区：[1]山西省大同大学附属医院肿瘤外科,大同037005

出　　处：《中华解剖与临床杂志》2022年第9期651-655,共5页Chinese Journal of Anatomy and Clinics

基　　金：山西省重点研发计划(指南)项目(201603D321054);大同市重点研发计划(2020095)。

摘　　要：目的探讨兔腹腔高压持续时间不同其腹肌、膈肌的病理改变进程。方法选取健康成年新西兰兔22只,体质量2.7~3.2 kg。22只实验兔随机分为4组:对照组4只;模型1组~3组,每组6只。4组实验兔制作腹腔高压动物模型,对照组加压水囊不注液;模型1组~3组加压水囊注入含龙胆紫溶液的生理盐水,每注入50 mL生理盐水测量腹腔内压力1次,最终使腹腔内压力达到20 mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)。对照组完成模型制备后24 h进行标本取材,模型1组~3组分别于完成模型制备后24、48、72 h进行标本取材。按实验规划时间点使用空气推注法常规处死实验动物,完整切取实验兔左侧膈肌和6 cm×4 cm大小前腹壁组织制备病理切片,HE染色,生物光学显微镜下观察各组标本的病理学改变。结果22只实验兔均成功完成模型制备,模型1组~3组兔腹腔内压力达到20 mmHg时腹腔加压水囊量为260~380 mL。所有实验动物制备模型后活动明显减少,其中对照组实验兔摄食量轻度下降,模型1组~3组实验兔摄食量明显减少或不进食。实验过程中模型1组、3组各有1只实验兔死亡。(1)腹壁组织病理改变:对照组可见腹壁横纹肌脂肪变性;模型1组腹横纹肌间可见大量炎细胞浸润;模型2组腹横纹肌间可见出血,局部可见炎性坏死;模型3组可见横纹肌断裂,伴脂肪变性及玻璃样变性/坏死。(2)膈肌病理改变:对照组可见膈肌横纹肌肌束部分萎缩;模型1组可见膈肌横纹肌肌束部分萎缩,部分肥大;模型2组可见膈肌横纹肌肌束萎缩,萎缩的细胞核聚集,部分区域可见横纹减少或消失;模型3组可见膈肌横纹肌肌束部分肥大,部分萎缩,肌束间血管扩张充血。结论腹腔高压可引起腹肌和膈肌出现明显的细胞损害,且随着高腹压持续时间的延长而逐渐加重。Objective A study was conducted to investigate the pathological changes of abdominal muscle and diaphragm in rabbits with different durations of abdominal hypertension.Methods Twenty-two healthy adult New Zealand rabbits with a body weights in the range of 2.7-3.2 kg were selected.These experimental rabbits were randomly divided into the control group(four rabbits)and model group 1-3(each group of six rabbits).The animal models of abdominal hypertension were made from the four groups of experimental rabbits.The pressurized water sac was not injected in the control group.In model groups 1-3,normal saline containing gentian violet solution was injected into the pressurized water bag.The intraperitoneal pressure was measured once every 50 mL of normal saline,and finally,the intraperitoneal pressure reached 20 mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa).In the control group,samples were collected 24 h after the preparation of the model.In model groups 1-3,samples were collected 24,48,and 72 h after the preparation of the model.The experimental animals were routinely killed by air injection at the planned time point.Complete resection of the left diaphragm and 6 cm×4 cm anterior abdominal wall tissue of experimental rabbits were prepared from the anterior abdominal wall of experimental rabbits.HE staining was performed.The pathological changes of specimens in each group were observed under a biological light microscope.Results Twenty-two experimental rabbits successfully completed the model preparation.When the intraperitoneal pressure of rabbits in model groups 1-3 reached 20 mmHg,the amount of water in the intraperitoneal pressurized water sac was 260-380 mL.The activity of all experimental animals decreased significantly after preparing the model.The food intake of rabbits in the control group decreased slightly,and the food intake of rabbits in model groups 1-3 decreased significantly,or they did not eat.During the experiment,one rabbit in model groups 1-3 died.(1)The histopathological changes of the abdominal wall tissue were as fol

关 键 词：腹内高压 腹肌 膈肌 病理过程 模型 动物 兔 

分 类 号：R656[医药卫生—外科学]