金属表面强化后梯度显微结构对力学性能的影响  

Effect of Gradient Microstructure on Mechanical Properties After Surface Strengthening of Metals

作　　者：秦志 李斌[1] 张涵 薛红前[1] QIN Zhi;LI Bin;ZHANG Han;XUE Hongqian(Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710072,China)

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学,西安710072

出　　处：《航空制造技术》2022年第15期41-50,共10页Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(91860206)。

摘　　要：表面强化后具有梯度显微结构的材料由于其出色的力学性能受到广泛关注。从梯度显微结构的制备、对力学性能(强度–塑性、加工硬化、摩擦磨损和疲劳性能)的影响两个方面展开综述。首先,按照工艺制备原理的不同总结了金属梯度显微结构形成机理和制备方法。其次,归纳了梯度显微结构金属力学性能(强塑性、加工硬化、摩擦磨损)研究最新进展及对增强机理进行分析,同时对出现的反常试验现象进行了解释。从表面强化后形成的梯度显微结构与残余应力等方面综合分析金属材料低周、高周疲劳性能提高的原因。最后,指出目前梯度显微结构金属面临的一些问题及未来的研究方向。Materials with a gradient microstructure after surface strengthening have received a lot of attention due to their excellent mechanical properties. This paper reviews the preparation of gradient microstructures, their effects on mechanical properties(strength-plasticity, work hardening, friction wear and fatigue properties). Firstly, the mechanism of gradient microstructure formation and preparation methods are summarised according to the different principles of process preparation. Secondly, recent progress in the study of the mechanical properties of gradient microstructures(strong plasticity, work hardening, friction wear) and the analysis of the enhancement mechanism are summarised, while the anomalous test phenomena are explained. The reasons for the improvement of low and high cycle fatigue properties of metallic materials are comprehensively analyzed from the aspects of the gradient microstructure and residual stresses formed after surface strengthening. Finally, some of the current problems faced by gradient microstructure metals and future research directions are pointed out.

关 键 词：表面强化 梯度显微结构 制备工艺 力学性能 疲劳性能 

分 类 号：V214[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程] V414