云南省近10a生物质燃烧时空分布特征及成因分析  

Temporal and spatial distribution characteristics and influence factors of biomass burning in Yunnan Province in recent ten years

作　　者：明蕊 李湘云 字冉 张宇[1] 满兴蔚 冯涛[3] 刘蕊[1] MING Rui;LI Xiang-yun;ZI Ran;ZHANG Yu;MAN Xing-wei;FENG Tao;LIU Rui(School of Earth Science,Yunnan University,Kunming 650500,Yunnan,China;Xishuangbanna Meteorological Bureau,Jinghong 666100,Yunnan,China;School of Information Science,Yunnan University of Finance and Economics,Kunming 650221,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]云南大学地球科学学院,云南昆明650500 [2]西双版纳气象局,云南景洪666100 [3]云南财经大学信息学院,云南昆明650221

出　　处：《云南大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第5期1077-1089,共13页Journal of Yunnan University(Natural Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41807308,42061038);上海市大气颗粒物污染防治重点实验室开放课题(FDLAP20003);云南省科技厅基础研究项目(202101AT070003)。

摘　　要：云南省作为中国的农业和林业大省,每年都会发生大规模的生物质燃烧现象,不仅造成了大气环境污染和社会经济损失,燃烧产生的有害物质还会影响人身健康.研究利用MODIS卫星火点产品分析了云南省2010—2019年间生物质燃烧的时空分布特征,并结合云南省土地利用、数字高程模型、人口和降水量等数据探讨了影响生物质燃烧时空变化的因素.研究结果显示,近10 a间云南省的火点数量总体呈下降趋势.由于秸秆燃烧和降雨等季节性因素,每年的2—4月是火点发生高峰期,火点总数占全年的67%,从6月份开始火点数量呈断崖式下降,一直到12月全省火点都维持在较低水平.火点的空间分布差异主要由于研究区内土地利用类型的不同所导致,云南省内的林地火点10 a总数占比最高,达到50%,草地火点和耕地火点次之.火点集中分布的海拔范围是1000~2000 m,在人口集中的1000 m以下的低海拔区域分布较少.火点集中的典型区域为普洱市、红河州、文山州和西双版纳州,火点总数占到全省的60%,由于这些地区是甘蔗主要产区,导致了更为集中的生物质燃烧现象.Yunnan is a major forestry and agriculture province in China,where large-scale biomass combustion occurs every year.It causes atmospheric pollution and economic losses and impacts human health.Using MODIS satellite fire products,this study analyzed the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of biomass burning in Yunnan Province from 2010 to 2019.We explored the affecting factors with data on land use,digital elevation model,population,and precipitation in the area.The study results showed that the number of fire spots in Yunnan Province has generally shown a decreasing trend in the past ten years.The peak of fire spots occurs from February to April every year,which total number accounts for 67%of the whole year.It is mainly because of the seasonal combustion of straw and precipitation.The fire spots drop sharply from June and remain at a low level until the end of December.The spatial distribution diversity of fire spots is mainly due to the different land-use types in the study area.The 10-year total of forest fires is the highest in Yunnan Province,reaching 50%,followed by grassland fires and cropland fires.Fire spots are concentrated at an altitude of 1000 meters to 2000meters but are less distributed in areas below 1000 meters where the population is concentrated.Typical areas of fire concentration are Pu’er,Wenshan,Honghe,and Xishuangbanna,which had about 60%fire points in the province.These areas are the central sugarcane-producing regions,resulting in a more concentrated biomass burning phenomenon.

关 键 词：生物质燃烧 MODIS火点 云南省 时空分布特征 林业火点 

分 类 号：TP701[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]