液态凝聚态调控的分散质组装及功能  

Liquid Condensed Matter Mediated Assembly and Functionality of Dispersoid

作　　者：李豹[1] 吴立新[1] Bao Li;Lixin Wu(State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials,College of Chemistry,Jilin University,Changchun 130012,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学超分子结构与材料国家重点实验室化学学院,长春130012

出　　处：《化学进展》2022年第7期1600-1609,共10页Progress in Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.22172060)资助。

摘　　要：凝聚态化学是研究利用分子间作用力构筑凝聚态物质多层次结构实现物质功能和化学反应的新研究领域。相比于固态凝聚态化学,液态凝聚态化学研究涉及多相态,如液态凝聚态如何影响分散质的存在状态和功能特性等重要课题。从凝聚态化学的角度认识分散质在其中的聚集行为不但有利于获得预期的分子存在结构状态,而且可以探索环境条件对组装结构形成的过程认识。本文在对液态凝聚态的物理化学性质,尤其是与溶质分散和聚集相关方面进行简要概述的基础上,选取典型示例分别阐述了液态凝聚态在分散质组装过程、组装与解组装以及组装体结构转变等方面的作用。在液态凝聚态对物质性质影响方面,从其对染料分子的紫外-可见吸收、电子转移、手性调控以及催化等几个方面进行了讨论。在这些过程中,作为连续相的液态凝聚态的介电常数、极性以及黏度等性质对于分散相的存在状态和性质起到了关键作用。然而,受现有仪器检测范围的限制,液态凝聚态与分散质之间的快速、多变且细微的作用力很难在时间和空间上进行准确测定,而从实验和理论两个方面进行相互拟合来说明液态凝聚态的作用是一个重要且行之有效的策略。Condensed matter chemistry is a new research field that studies the multi-level structures of condensed matter constructed by intermolecular interactions for realizing functionalities and chemical reactions.Compared with solid-state condensed matter chemistry,the study of liquid condensed matter chemistry involves multiphase states,such as how liquid condensed matter affects the state and functional properties of dispersoids.It is important to understand the aggregation behaviors of dispersoids from the perspective of condensed matter chemistry,which is not only beneficial to the preparation of the expected structures,but also can deepen the understanding of the formation process of the assembled structure.In this paper,based on a brief overview of the physical and chemical properties of liquid condensed matter,especially those related to dispersion and dissolution,typical examples are selected to illustrate the assembly process,assembly and disassembly,and structural transformation of dispersoids in the liquid condensed matter.In terms of the influence of the liquid condensed state on properties of dispersoids,the UV-vis absorption,electron transfer,chirality regulation and catalysis are discussed.In these processes,as the continuous phase,the properties of the liquid condensed state,such as dielectric constant,polarity and viscosity,play key roles in the existing states and properties of the dispersoids.However,due to the limitation of the detection range of the present instruments,it is difficult to accurately measure the fast,variable and subtle forces between liquid condensed matter and dispersoids in time and space.Therefore,it is an important and effective strategy to perform mutual fitting from both experimental and theoretical aspects to illustrate the role of liquid condensed matter.

关 键 词：液态凝聚态 分散质 组装 功能化 

分 类 号：O64[理学—物理化学] O6-1[理学—化学]