云南小麦品种(系)萌发期抗旱性评价  

Evaluation on Drought Resistance of Wheat Cultivars(Lines)in Yunnan at Germination Stage

作　　者：王志伟[1] 王志龙[1] 乔祥梅[1] 程加省[1] 程耿[1] 于亚雄[1] WANG Zhiwei;WANG Zhilong;QIAO Xiangmei;CHENG Jiasheng;CHENG Geng;YU Yaxiong(Food Crops Research Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Wheat Improvement Center Yunnan Branch,Kunming,Yunnan 650200,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所/国家小麦改良中心云南分中心,云南昆明650200

出　　处：《作物研究》2022年第4期300-306,共7页Crop Research

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-3);云南省重大科技专项(202102AE090014);云南省现代农业麦类产业技术体系项目。

摘　　要：为给云南小麦品种(系)的萌发期抗旱性评价和筛选提供理论依据,以41份云南小麦育成品种(系)为供试材料,采用-0.5 MPa PEG-6000水溶液模拟干旱胁迫,通过测定发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、胚芽鞘长度、苗高、根数及最长根长等7个指标,对云南小麦品种(系)进行萌发期抗旱性综合评价。结果表明,根数旱胁迫均值较对照上升1.26%,发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、胚芽鞘长度、苗高及最长根长的旱胁迫均值较对照分别下降8.29%、7.30%、10.59%、0.40%、35.90%、23.48%。通过加权隶属函数法进行抗旱性综合分析发现,不同小麦品种(系)间表现出较大差异,D值的变幅为0.23~0.72,云麦69、丽17-2、云麦77、云麦39、云16D2-109、德1550、靖麦24、云麦72等8个品种(系)的抗旱性较强,可作为云南省小麦育种改良抗旱性的优异材料。相关性分析表明,发芽率、苗高、最长根长等3个指标与D值呈极显著正相关性,相关系数分别为0.687、0.662、0.641,可作为有效鉴定云南小麦品种(系)萌发期抗旱性的筛选指标。In order to provide the theoretical basis for the evaluation and selection of drought resistant wheat cultivars(lines)at the germination period in Yunnan.A hydroponic experiment was conducted to measure the germination rate,germination potential,germination index,coleoptile length,seedling height,root number,root length of 41 wheat cultivars(lines)from Yunnan under simulated drought stress with-0.5 MPa PEG-6000.The comprehensive evaluation of drought resistance at the germination stage was conducted in these cultivars(lines)by weighting membership functions.The results showed that root numbers average of drought resistance was increased by 1.26%,but another indexes average of drought resistance were decreased by 8.29%,7.30%,10.59%,0.40%,35.90%and 23.48%,respectively.Weighted membership functions analysis showed that there were great differences among 41 wheat cultivars(lines),and the variation range of D value was 0.23-0.72.The cultivars Yunmai 69,Li 17-2,Yunmai 77,Yunmai 39,Yun 16D2-109,De 1550,Jingmai 24,and Yunmai 72 which represented higher drought resistance,could be used as the excellent materials for wheat breeding to improve drought resistance in Yunnan.The correlation analysis showed that the germination rate,seedling height and root length had very significantly positive correlation with D value,and correlation coefficients were 0.687,0.662 and 0.641,respectively.So they could be served as a effectively sign in selecting for drought resistance of wheat cultivars(lines)in Yunnan at the germination stage.

关 键 词：小麦 萌发期 抗旱性 评价 云南 

分 类 号：S512.103.7[农业科学—作物学]