北疆早熟机采棉品种筛选与区域试验研究  

Research on selection and regional test of cotton early maturing machine-harvested cultivars in Northern Xinjiang

作　　者：李继辉 向导 陈泳帆 杨明凤 季芬 LI Ji-hui;XIANG Dao;CHEN Yong-fan;YANG Ming-feng;JI Fen(Wulanwusu Ecological and Agricultural Meteorological Test Station in Xinjiang,Shihezi 832000,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆乌兰乌苏生态与农业气象试验站,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2022年第15期15-19,共5页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发任务专项(2016B01001-2);国家科技支撑计划课题(2014BAD09B03)。

摘　　要：筛选鉴定早熟机采棉(Gossypium spp)新的品系、品种,以确保机采棉花品质、产量稳定提高。设定9个试验区,选择8个早熟机采棉品种,进行区域对比试验。结果表明,品系全生育期为120.2~123.1 d,标准偏差为±1.0 d,农艺性状综合排序A2表现最佳。子棉单产、皮棉单产、霜前皮棉单产A2优于其他品种,与对照相比分别增加了11.2%、12.9%、13.3%,经方差分析及t检验达到极显著水平。8个品种的皮棉产量排名为A2>A4>A7>A5>A8>A1>A3>A6。纤维品质检测综合评比各品种均达到优质棉Ⅱ型标准,纤维品质综合排名为A3>A1>A6>A8>A7>A5>A2>A4。A2品种区域适应性强,吐絮期整齐度最佳,与对照相比增产突出,其他品种对区域环境适应性参差不齐,即对环境气象条件有明显的选择性,品种对环境气温适应从强到弱排序为A2>A4>A7>A3>A1>A8>A5>A6。New strains and varieties of early maturing machine-harvested cotton(Gossypium spp)were screened and identified to en⁃sure the stable improvement of cotton quality and yield.Nine test areas were set up and eight early maturing cotton varieties were se⁃lected for a regional comparative test.The results showed that the whole growth period of the strain was 120.2~123.1 d,and the stan⁃dard deviation was±1.0 d.The comprehensive ranking of agronomic traits of A2 was the best.The yield per unit area of seed cotton,lint cotton and lint cotton before frost of A2 was better than that of other varieties,which increased by 11.2%,12.9%and 13.3%com⁃pared with the control,respectively.The variance analysis and t test reached an extremely significant level.The lint yield of 8 varieties ranked as A2>A4>A7>A5>A8>A1>A3>A6.The comprehensive evaluation of fiber quality reached the standard of high quality cotton type II,and the comprehensive ranking of fiber quality was A3>A1>A6>A8>A7>A5>A2>A4.A2 had strong regional adaptability,the uniformity of the boll opening period was the best,and the yield increased significantly compared with the control.The adaptability of other varieties to regional environment was uneven.That is,they had obvious selectivity to environmental meteoro⁃logical conditions.The order of adaptability of varieties to environmental temperature from strong to weak was A2>A4>A7>A3>A1>A8>A5>A6.

关 键 词：机采棉(Gossypium spp) 筛选 区域 试验 北疆 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]