轻型汽车排放在用符合性抽样及判定规则研究  

Study on in-use compliance and determination rules of light duty vehicle emission

作　　者：苏盛 SU Sheng(Xiamen Environment Protection Vehicle Emission Control Technology Center,Xiamen 361023,Fujian,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门环境保护机动车污染控制技术中心,福建厦门361023

出　　处：《柴油机设计与制造》2022年第3期38-43,共6页Design and Manufacture of Diesel Engine

摘　　要：分析轻型汽车国五、国六排放标准的在用符合性抽样及判定规则,依据统计学原理推导出在用符合性检查判定表,并绘制轻型汽车国五、国六标准中在用符合性检查的抽检特性曲线(OC)和平均样本量(ASN)曲线,并利用2种曲线指导企业对产品缺陷率进行控制。结果表明:国六标准在用符合性OC曲线整体靠前,说明国六标准在用符合性整体要求要比国五更严格,当过程质量水平为40%时,国五在用符合性通过概率为95%,而国六标准在用符合性通过概率仅为50%左右,汽车生产企业需要更大的投入进行产品质量控制,才能保证产品通过在用符合性抽查;国五标准在用符合性OC曲线比国六在用符合性OC曲线更陡,说明国五标准在用符合性抽检方案比国六标准在用符合性抽检方案的鉴别能力更强,更不容易出现误判,而国六标准抽检方案所需平均样本量更少,更有利于监管部门和生产企业节约检测时间和成本。By analyzing the sampling and criterion rules of the in-use compliance from China 5 and China 6 emission standards, the in-use conformity criterion table was derived based on statistical principle, and the sampling operation curve(OC curve) and the average sample number(ASN) curve of light-duty vehicles in China 5 and China 6 emission standards were drawn. The two curves were used to guide enterprises to control the defect rate of products. Results show that the OC curve of the in-use compliance of the China 6 emission standard is overall ahead, indicating that the overall requirements of the in-use compliance of the China 6 emission standard are more stringent than that of the China 5 emission standard. When the process quality level is 40 %, the in-use compliance passing probability of the China 5 emission standard is 95%, while the in-use compliance passing probability of the China 6 emission standard is only about 50%. Enterprises need more investment in product process quality control to ensure that the products are easier to pass in-use compliance sampling. The OC curve of the China 5 emission standard is steeper than that of the China 6 emission standard, indicating that the in-use compliance sampling scheme of the China 5 emission standard has stronger identification ability and is less prone to misjudgment than that of the China 6 emission standard. The China 6 emission standard sampling scheme requires less ASN, which is beneficial to the supervision department and production enterprises to save time and cost.

关 键 词：汽车排放标准 在用符合性 生产者风险 消费者风险 OC曲线 

分 类 号：U467.48[机械工程—车辆工程] X734.2[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]