2019年舟山近海浮游动物群落结构变化与水团的关系  

Relationship between Change in Zooplankton Community Structure and Water Masses in Coastal Waters of Zhoushan in 2019

作　　者：胡亚丽 梁君[2] 许永久 郑基 王慧君 朱文斌[2] 郭爱[2] 张洪亮[2] 蒋日进[2] 吴丽航 徐纪晓 杨丽萍 姜淇俊 李立华 HU Yali;LIANG Jun;XU Yongjiu;ZHENG Ji;WANG Huijun;ZHU Wenbin;GUO Ai;ZHANG Hongliang;JIANG Rijin;WU Lihang;XU Jixiao;YANG Liping;JIANG Qijun;LI Lihua(College of Fisheries,Zhejiang Ocean University,Zhoushan 316022,China;Marine Fisheries Research Institute of Zhejiang,Zhoushan 316021,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江海洋大学水产学院,浙江舟山316022 [2]浙江省海洋水产研究所,浙江舟山316021

出　　处：《水产科学》2022年第5期788-798,共11页Fisheries Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD0901205);国家自然科学基金青年基金资助项目(31702346);浙江省自然科学基金资助项目(LY20C030004);浙江省科学技术厅重点研发计划项目(2019C02056);浙江省科学技术厅重点研发计划项目(2018C02026);国家海洋局海洋生态环境科学与工程重点实验室开放基金资助项目(MESE-2018-01);舟山市科技局浙江海洋大学专项;浙江海洋大学“水产”省一流学科2019年度开放课题项目(20190010)。

摘　　要：根据2019年在舟山近海进行的春季(4月)和秋季(11月)两个航次的浮游动物调查,对舟山近海浮游动物的群落结构(包括种类组成、优势种数量、多样性指数)以及与水团的关系进行研究,利用SPSS聚类分析对研究区域进行划分,采用PRIMER软件分析春、秋季物种数量、香农—维纳多样性指数、物种丰富度指数、物种均匀度指数的差异,利用典范对应分析研究春、秋两个季节浮游动物群落结构的差异及优势种更替原因,初步探讨春、秋季浮游动物群落结构动态变化的机制。研究结果表明,根据海水表层温度、海水表层盐度将春、秋两季研究区域分别划分为3个水团:杭州湾水团(1区)、上升流水团(2区)和舟山近海水团(3区),且3种水团对浮游动物群落组成影响显著(P<0.05)。1、2、3区水团春、秋季的浮游动物群落组成平均相异性分别为71.04%、75.71%、91.70%,春季浮游动物的丰度大于秋季浮游动物的丰度(P<0.05),秋季浮游动物的多样性大于春季浮游动物的多样性(P<0.05)。典范对应分析结果表明,盐度是影响空间分布差异的主要环境因子,温度、叶绿素a是影响季节分布差异的主要环境因子。春季的低温、高含量叶绿素a有利于浮游动物优势种大量暴发;秋季浮游动物多样性较高,可能与温度较高、叶绿素a含量较低有关。The zooplankton community structure(species composition, number of dominant species, diversity index) and the relationship with water masses in the coastal waters of Zhoushan were studied based on the plankton surveys in spring(April) and autumn(November) voyages off Zhoushan in 2019. The stations in the study area were classified by SPSS cluster analysis, and the differences in species number, Shannon-Wiener′s diversity index, speices richness index, and speices evenness index were analysed in the spring and autumn. Canonical correspondence analysis(CCA) was used to analyze the differences in the composition of zooplankton groups in the spring and autumn of 2019, and the reasons for the replacement of dominant species. The mechanism of the seasonal dynamics was finally discussed in the zooplankton community structure in spring and autumn. The results showed that according to the cluster analysis of surface sea temperature and surface sea salinity, the area was divided into 3 water masses: the water mass in the Hangzhou Bay(Area Ⅰ), the upwelling water mass in the Zhoushan Island(Area Ⅱ) and the offshore water mass in the Zhoushan(Area Ⅲ). The independent sample T test method was used to test the significant effects of three water masses on the composition of zooplankton groups(P<0.05). The average dissimilarity of the zooplankton community composition was Ⅰ, Ⅱ, and Ⅲ, 71.04% in area Ⅰ water masses, 75.71% in area Ⅱ water masses, and 91.70% in area Ⅲ water masses in spring and autumn, The abundance of zooplankton was found to be greater in spring than that in autumn(P<0.05), and the diversity of zooplankton to be greater in autumn than that in spring(P<0.05). CCA showed that salinity was the main environmental factor affecting the spatial distribution, and temperature and chlorophyll a were the main environmental factors affecting the seasonal dynamics. The low temperature and high level of chlorophyll a in spring were favorable for a large number of zooplankton, and the high temperature and l

关 键 词：舟山近海 浮游动物群落结构 水团 季节变化 

分 类 号：S932.8[农业科学—渔业资源]