投饲率对鲻幼鱼生长性能和生理机能的影响  

Effect of Feeding Rates on Growth Performance and Physiological Function of Juvenile Grey Mullet Mugil cephalus

作　　者：童潼 许明珠[2] 董兰芳[2] 韦媛媛 梁钰 张琴 TONG Tong;XU Mingzhu;DONG Lanfang;WEI Yuanyuan;LIANG Yu;ZHANG Qin(Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Utilization of Microbial and Botanical Resources,Guangxi Laboratory of Polysaccharide Materials and Modification,School of Biotechnology and Marine Science,Guangxi Minzu University,Nanning 530006,China;Guangxi Institute of Oceanology Co.,Ltd.,Guangxi Marine Culture New Species Breeding Research Centre,Beihai 536000,China)

机构地区：[1]广西民族大学海洋与生物技术学院,广西多糖材料与改性实验室,广西高校微生物与植物资源利用重点实验室,广西南宁530006 [2]广西海洋研究所有限责任公司,广西海水养殖新品种繁育工程技术研究中心,广西北海536000

出　　处：《水产科学》2022年第5期844-850,共7页Fisheries Science

基　　金：广西民族大学相思湖青年学者创新团队资助项目(2018RSCXSHQN02);广西民族大学引进人才科研启动项目(2018KJQD14);广西创新驱动发展专项资金项目(桂科AA17204044)。

摘　　要：在适宜的投饲率范围内,随着投饲率的增加,鱼类的生长性能得到增强。为探明不同投饲率对鲻幼鱼生长、体成分、肝脏消化酶和免疫酶活性的影响,以平均体质量(37.96±0.89) g的鲻幼鱼为试验对象,设置饥饿、次饱食、饱食和过饱食4个不同投饲率(2.5%、5%、10%和15%),每组3个平行,每个平行20尾,养殖56 d后测量各指标。试验结果显示:不同投饲率对鲻幼鱼的质量日增加率、特定生长率、饲料利用率、肥满度、肝体指数、全鱼水分含量、粗蛋白含量、粗脂肪含量、肝脏蛋白酶活性、脂肪酶活性、过氧化氢酶活性、超氧化物歧化酶活性和溶菌酶活性均有显著影响(P<0.05);对成活率、脏体指数、粗灰分含量和肝脏淀粉酶活性无显著影响(P>0.05)。随着投饲率的升高,鲻幼鱼质量日增加率、特定生长率、肥满度、肝体指数、粗脂肪含量、肝脏蛋白酶活性、过氧化氢酶活性和溶菌酶活性呈先增高后趋于平稳的趋势;饲料利用率、全鱼水分含量、粗蛋白含量随投饲率升高呈显著下降趋势;肝脏脂肪酶、超氧化物歧化酶活性随投饲率的增高呈先升后降的趋势,在投饲率为10%时达到最大值。综合生长速率、饲料利用率、营养成分含量及消化酶活性、免疫酶指标来分析,确定鲻幼鱼的最适投饲率为10%。Feeding rate is one of the important factors affecting the growth of fish. In an appropriate range, the growth performance of fish is enhanced with the increase in feeding rate. This trial was conducted to investigate the effects of different dietary feeding rates on the growth performance, body composition, liver digestive enzyme activities and immune enzyme activities of juvenile grey mullet Mugil cephalus. The test subjects selected 240 healthy juvenile mullet with an average body weight of(37.96±0.89) g, and were randomly divided them into 4 groups, each group consisting of 3 replicates and 20 replicates each. Four groups of mullet juveniles were reared at feeding rate of hunger, half satiation, full satiation, and over satiation(2.5%, 5%, 10%, and 15% of body weight) for 8 weeks. The results showed that different feeding rates had significant effects on weight gain rate(WGR), specific growth rate(SGR), feed conversion efficiency(FCR), condition factor, hepatosomatic index, moisture, crude protein content, crude fat content, liver protease activity, lipase activity, catalase activity(CAT), superoxide dismutase activity(SOD), and lysozyme(LZM) activity(P<0.05). No significant differences were observed in survival rate(SR), viscero somatic index, ash content and liver amylases activity(P>0.05). With the increasing feeding rate, mullet WGR, SGR, condition factor, hepatosomatic index, crude fat content, liver protease activity, lipase activity, CAT activity, and LZM activity were firstly increased and then tended to be stable. When the feeding rate increased from 5% to 15%, mullet FCR, moisture and crude protein content showed a downward trend(P<0.05). Both mullet liver lipase and SOD activities were firstly increased and then decreased with the increase in dietary feeding rate, with the maximum value at the dietary feeding rate of 10%. According to the analysis mullet growth performance, body nutrition content, liver digestive enzyme activity and immune enzyme activity, the optimal dietary feeding rate was 10%

关 键 词：鲻 投饲率 生长 消化酶 免疫酶 

分 类 号：S967[农业科学—水产养殖]