淮河流域水质时空分布及土地利用区域影响  

Spatio-temporal variations of water quality indices and regional influences of land use types in the Huai River Basin

作　　者：翟晓燕[1] 张永勇[2] ZHAI Xiaoyan;ZHANG Yongyong(Research Center on Flood and Drought Disaster Reduction of the Ministry of Water Resources,China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,China;Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院水利部防洪抗旱减灾工程技术研究中心,北京100038 [2]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所陆地水循环及地表过程重点实验室,北京100101

出　　处：《水资源保护》2022年第5期181-189,共9页Water Resources Protection

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41807171,42071041)。

摘　　要：采用淮河流域22个水质断面2008—2018年周监测数据,将趋势检测、空间自相关性识别、聚类、回归分析等统计分析技术相结合,检测了pH值和DO、COD_(Mn)、NH_(3)-N质量浓度等4个水质指标的时空变化特征,辨识了典型水质类型及其与不同时空尺度土地利用类型的关系。结果表明:淮河流域水环境整体状况有所改善,各断面水质指标周尺度显著性变化趋势主要集中在非汛期(10月至次年5月),分别有23%、9%、41%和55%的断面pH值显著减小、DO质量浓度显著增加、COD_(Mn)和NH_(3)-N质量浓度显著减小,淮河水系水质指标变化坡度大于沂沭泗水系;3个低pH值聚集中心主要分布在淮河干流上游和洪汝河下游,3个低DO质量浓度聚集中心和2个高COD_(Mn)和NH_(3)-N质量浓度聚集中心主要分布在沙颍河和涡河。22个断面可划分为3种典型水质类型:类型1为弱碱性、低COD_(Mn)和NH_(3)-N质量浓度断面,分布在淮河上游和淮河干流;类型2为偏碱性、低DO质量浓度、高COD_(Mn)和NH_(3)-N质量浓度断面,分布在沙颍河;类型3为偏碱性、高DO质量浓度、低COD_(Mn)和NH_(3)-N质量浓度断面,分布在淮河中游和沂沭泗水系。类型1水质指标主要与2013—2018年水田和旱地等显著相关,其中水田对pH值影响较大,旱地对其余指标影响较大;类型3的DO和NH_(3)-N质量浓度与各时期不同缓冲区内城镇用地均显著相关,COD_(Mn)质量浓度与2013—2018年其他林地显著相关。Based on the weekly monitoring data of water quality indices,including the pH value and DO,COD_(Mn),and NH_(3)-N mass concentrations at 22 river sections in the Huai River Basin from 2008 to 2018,spatio-temporal variations of four water quality indices were analyzed,and typical water quality types and their relationships with land use types were identified at different temporal and spatial scales using trend detection,spatial autocorrelation identification,and cluster and regression analyses.The results show that the overall situation of water environment in the Huai River Basin has been improved,and significant change trends of water quality indices at different river sections on weekly scale mainly occurred in the non-flood season(from October to May of the following year),with the pH value and COD_(Mn) and NH_(3)-N mass concentrations decreasing significantly at 23%,41%,and 55% river sections,respectively,and the DO mass concentration increasing significantly at 9% river sections,and the trend slopes of water quality indices in the Huai River were greater than those in the Yishusi River;three low pH value cluster centers were located in the upstream of the Huai River mainstream and downstream of the Hongru River,and three low DO mass concentration cluster centers and two high COD_(Mn) and NH_(3)-N mass concentration cluster centers were located in the Shaying River and Guo River.Moreover,three water quality types were identified from 22 river sections:type 1 was characterized with alkalescence and low COD_(Mn) and NH_(3)-N mass concentration concentrations,and mainly distributed in the upstream of the Huai River and Huai River mainstream;type 2 was characterized with meta-alkalescence,low DO mass concentration,and high COD_(Mn) and NH_(3)-N mass concentrations,and mainly distributed in the Shaying River;type 3 was characterized with meta-alkalescence,high DO mass concentration,and low COD_(Mn) and NH_(3)-N mass concentrations,and mainly distributed in the middle stream of the Huai River and Yishusi River.The w

关 键 词：水质类型 水环境 土地利用 时空变异 淮河流域 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]