固定导叶数对混流式水轮机水力波动影响分析  

An Analysis of the Influence of the Fixed Guide Vane Number on Hydraulic Fluctuation of Francis Turbine

作　　者：徐良玉 郭俊勋 顾承庆 厉洪祥 周大庆[2] 程永光[3] 郑源[2] 阚阚 XU Liang-yu;GUO Jun-xun;GU Cheng-qing;LI Hong-xiang;ZHOU Da-qing;CHENG Yong-guang;ZHENG Yuan;KAN Kan(State Grid Xinyuan Hydropower Xin’anjiang Hydropower Station,Hangzhou 311699,China;College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 211100,China;State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China)

机构地区：[1]国网新源水电有限公司新安江水力发电厂,杭州311699 [2]河海大学水利水电学院,南京210024 [3]武汉大学水资源与水电工程科学国家重点实验室,武汉430072

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2022年第9期218-222,231,共6页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51979086,51839008);国网新源控股(水电)有限公司科技项目(462122-9003001-F112)。

摘　　要：流体对转轮的激振力是影响机组稳定性的重要因素,而固定导叶和活动导叶的结构及布置对转轮前的流态形成至关重要。建立新安江电站全流道三维数值模型,在相同边界条件下计算对比不同的固定导叶数布置对机组振动的影响。计算结果表明,更少的固定导叶数量会明显加剧转轮的振动不稳定性,具体表现在:在靠近顶盖和活动导叶迎水面位置涡量的增加;频率为转轮叶片通过频率(32.5 Hz)时,有4.83倍的力矩振幅,2.75倍的X径向力振幅和4.63倍的Y径向力振幅,固定导叶数量的减半使得导叶和转轮间动静干涉的作用加强,从而让半数导叶的机组出现了额外的两倍叶片通频的振动。Fluid excitation force on a runner is an important factor affecting unit stability.The structure and arrangement of the guide vane are crucial to the formation of the flow pattern in front of the runner.A three-dimensional numerical model of the whole channel system of the power station is established,calculating and comparing the influence of different guide vane number arrangements on the vibration of the unit under the same boundary conditions.The calculation results show that the vibration instability of the runner will be significantly increased with fewer fixed guide vanes.Specific manifestations are as follows:Vorticity increases near the top cap and the upstream surface of the movable guide vane.When frequency is the passing frequency of the runner blade(32 Hz),the torque amplitude is 4.83 times,2.75 times of X radial force amplitude and 4.63 times of Y radial force amplitude.The stator-rotor interaction between guide vanes and runner is strengthened by fewer fixed guide blades so that half of the guide vane unit has an additional vibration of twice the pass frequency of the blade.

关 键 词：混流式水轮机 固定导叶数 转轮叶片通过频率 机组不稳定性 

分 类 号：TV734.1[水利工程—水利水电工程]