常压塔顶低温部位腐蚀原因分析及对策  

Analysis and Countermeasures of Corrosion Causes on Top of Atmospheric Tower at Low Temperature

作　　者：谢海兵 夏伟健 潘岩 Xie Haibing;Xia Weijian;Pan Yan(CNOOC Ningbo Daxie Petrochemical Co.,Ltd.,Ningbo,Zhejiang 315812,China;CNOOC Research Institute of Refining and Petrochemicals,Qingdao,Shandong 266500,China)

机构地区：[1]中海石油宁波大榭石化有限公司,浙江宁波315812 [2]中海油炼油化工科学研究院,山东青岛266500

出　　处：《涂层与防护》2022年第8期1-6,7,共7页Coating and Protection

摘　　要：某炼厂加工海洋原油的常减压蒸馏装置常压塔塔顶低温部位腐蚀严重,出现塔顶焊缝开裂及顶部侧线减薄甚至穿孔等问题。腐蚀问题产生的主要原因有:因产品方案调整,常压塔顶温度较低,从而造成常压塔顶部有微量水形成;由于微量水的存在,致使HCl溶于其中,介质中硫化物的存在进一步加剧了裂纹扩展,在形成强酸腐蚀环境下造成塔顶塔壁开裂及管线腐蚀严重。建议通过提升材质等级及加强工艺防腐措施等方式缓解腐蚀。The atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit for processing marine crude oil has serious corrosion at the top of the atmospheric tower at low temperature, wherein cracks occured in the top welding seam and thinning or even perforation occurred at the top side line. The main reasons for the corrosion problem inclued the adjustment of the production plan and the lowered temperature at the top of the atmospheric tower, which resulting in the formation of few water at the top of the atmospheric tower. The HCl dissolved in the few water and the sulfide might further aggravate the cracks, wherein the tower wall cracks and the pipeline corrodes more seriously under a strong acid corrosive environment. It is recommended to upgrade the material grade and strengthen process anticorrosion measures to alleviate corrosion.

关 键 词：常压装置 应力开裂 低温腐蚀 

分 类 号：TQ639[化学工程—精细化工]