足球训练对儿童运动能力发育的影响  

Evaluation of Intervention Effects of Football Training on Gross Motor Development and Perceived Physical Competence in Children

作　　者：万勃 WAN Bo(Department of Physical Education,Nanjing Institute of Technology,Nanjing Jiangsu,211167,China)

机构地区：[1]南京工程学院体育部,江苏南京211167

出　　处：《四川体育科学》2022年第5期53-57,共5页Sichuan Sports Science

摘　　要：目的 分析不同运动强度、不同性别变量下为期16周的足球训练干预对儿童大肌肉群动作发展和感知身体能力的影响,为增进儿童动作技能发展、认知能力发展提供参考。方法 采用整群抽样的方法在南京市江宁区某小学随机抽取一年级4个班(30人/班)共120名儿童,随机整班分为中等强度足球训练组和大强度足球训练组进行16周干预,干预前后对儿童的大肌肉群动作发展和感知身体能力进行不同强度、不同性别的比较。结果:不同强度两组儿童的移动性动作技能、操作性动作技能、大肌肉群动作发展、感知身体能力前后均有显著差异(t值分别是中/大:-15.09/-16.05、-18.66/-18.05、-24.75/-23.45、-2.96/-7.43;p值均<0.05),且大强度组各项成绩提高幅度均大于中等强度组;性别变量上,不同性别的儿童的移动性动作技能、操作性动作技能、大肌肉群动作发展、感知身体能力在干预前后均有显著差异(t值分别是男/女:-14.86/-16.42、-18.26/-18.51、-22.87/-25.21、-5.66/-4.18;p值均<0.05);干预后大强度组与中等强度组儿童在移动性动作技能、操作性动作技能、大肌肉群动作发展、感知身体能力上得分差异显著(t值分别为-1.98、-2.30、-2.78、-2.16,p值均<0.05);且大强度组的各项得分均高于中等强度组;干预后不同性别儿童在移动性动作技能、大肌肉群动作发展得分上差异不显著(t值分别为-0.22、1.75,p值均>0.05);在操作性动作技能、感知身体能力得分上差异显著(t值分别为2.82、2.04,p值均<0.05),且男生得分高于女生得分。结论:16周足球训练对儿童大肌肉群动作发展和感知身体能力均起到干预效果,且运动强度越大效果越好;男童操作性动作技能和感知身体能力发展更好。Objective Analysis the effects of football training on gross motor development and perceived physical competence in children for 16 weeks with different sports intensity and gender variables,it provides reference for the development of children’s motor skills and cognitive ability.Methods Use the method of cluster sampling randomly selected a total of 120 children from 4 classes of grade 1(30 students/class) in a primary school in jiangning district, the whole classes were randomly divided into the medium-intensity football training group and the high-intensity football training group for 16 weeks of intervention, the children’s gross motor development and perceived physical competence were compared in different intensity and gender. Results There were significant differences in mobility motor skills, operational motor skills, gross motor development, and perceived physical competence between the two groups. In addition, the improvement of the results in the high-intensity group was larger than that in the moderate-intensity group.In terms of gender variables, children of different genders showed significant differences in mobility motor skills,operational motor skills, gross motor development and perceived physical competence before and after the intervention.After the intervention, children in the high-intensity group and the moderate-intensity group had significant differences in the scores of mobility motor skills,operational motor skills, gross motor development and perceived physical competence,and the improvement of the results in the high-intensity group was larger than that in the moderate-intensity group.After the intervention, there was no significant difference in the scores of mobility motor skills and gross motor development among children of different genders,but there were significant differences in the scores of operational motor skills and perceived physical competence,and boys scored higher than girls. Conclusion After 16 weeks’ football training,it had an effect on the gross motor develo

关 键 词：足球训练 大肌肉群动作发展 感知身体能力 干预评价 

分 类 号：G804.21[文化科学—运动人体科学]