光场偏振分布测量方法及其应用(特邀)  

Measurement Methods on Polarization Distribution of Light Fields and Their Applications(Invited)

作　　者：齐淑霞 刘圣[1] 李鹏[1] 魏冰妍 张蒙蒙 豆嘉真 张继巍[1] 赵建林[1] QI Shuxia;LIU Sheng;LI Peng;WEI Bingyan;ZHANG Mengmeng;DOU Jiazhen;ZHAGN Jiwei;ZHAO Jianlin(Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Optical Information Technology,School of Physical Science and Technology,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi´an 710129,China)

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学物理科学与技术学院陕西省光信息技术重点实验室,西安710129

出　　处：《光子学报》2022年第8期35-54,共20页Acta Photonica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(Nos.12074312,11634010,12074313,11804277);国家重点研发计划(No.2017YFA0303800)。

摘　　要：偏振是光的固有属性之一,用于描述电矢量的振动方向,也是光场的一个重要信息参量。光场的偏振测量,尤其是具有复杂空间结构光场的偏振分布测量,是研究光场偏振特性及其应用的重要课题。本文从偏振测量的相关原理出发,总结评述近年来有关光场偏振分布测量和材料光学各向异性测量方法的发展动态,以及不同条件下光场的斯托克斯参量、光学各向异性材料的琼斯矩阵和双折射参数的测量方法及其应用。Polarization,as one of the important properties of light,plays a very important role in the light field research and practical applications.The polarization measurement of the light field,especially the polarization distribution measurement of the light field with complex spatial structure,is an important subject to study the polarization characteristics of the light field and its application.Recently,as one of the main contents of the light field manipulation,the spatial modulation on the polarization state of light has become a hot topic.The spatial modulation for polarization of the light field constitutes a new class of laser beams with the characteristics of spatially varied polarization,also named vector beams.Owing to the unique properties of the spatially variant polarization and tight focusing,vector beams have received extensive attention in many scientific and engineering applications,such as femtosecond laser processing,super-resolution microscopy,optical micro-manipulation,and optical communication.Besides,the spatial modulation of polarization of the light field also enables spin-orbit interaction and polarization-related dynamic transmission behaviors,such as analogous optical activity in free space,polarization controlled Airy beam,spin selective imaging,etc.The propagation dynamics of the light field mainly depend on its polarization and phase distribution.Therefore,how to accurately and rapidly measure the polarization and phase distribution of the light field is a key problem in exploring new optical effects and enrich the related applications.On the other hand,as a carrier of light information,polarization plays an important role in the interaction between light and matter.By detecting the polarization information of the light field passing through the medium,the information about the composition and structure of the interacting materials can be obtained.Especially for the anisotropic materials,the polarization response can reveal the intrinsic structure and composition of materials,as well as

关 键 词：偏振 偏振测量 双折射 数字全息术 超表面 

分 类 号：O436.1[机械工程—光学工程]