偏振光学成像:器件,技术与应用(特邀)  

Polarimetric Optical Imaging:Devices,Technologies and Applications(Invited)

作　　者：任立勇 梁健[1,2,3] 屈恩世 张文飞[2,4] 杜博军[5] 马菲雅[1,3] 郭少犇 张进 REN Liyong;LIANG Jian;QU Enshi;ZHANG Wenfei;DU Bojun;MA Feiya;GUO Shaoben;ZHANG Jin(School of Physics and Information Technology,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi´an 710119,China;Xi´an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xi´an 710119,China;Xi´an Key Laboratory of Optical Information Manipulation and Augmentation(OMA),Xi´an 710119,China;School of Physics and Optoelectronics Engineering,Shandong University of Technology,Zibo,Shandong 255000,China;Unit 63861 of PLA,Baicheng,Jilin 137001,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学物理学与信息技术学院,西安710119 [2]中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所,西安710119 [3]西安市光信息调控与增强技术重点实验室,西安710119 [4]山东理工大学物理与光电工程学院,山东淄博255000 [5]中国人民解放军63861部队,吉林白城137001

出　　处：《光子学报》2022年第8期90-125,共36页Acta Photonica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.61505246);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划(Nos.2021JM-204,2022JQ-612);中科院一三五工程项目(No.S15-002)。

摘　　要：偏振是强度、波长和相位之外描述电磁波基本属性的第四个重要的“信息维度”参量,物体反射光或辐射光的偏振特性与其材质、几何形状、纹理结构和表面粗糙度、理化特性等本身性质密切相关。偏振光学成像是基于对光的偏振信息进行探测的新型光学成像手段,其利用目标反射光和背景杂散光的偏振特性差异,以达到改善目标成像质量、提高作用距离、提升探测能力和增强识别概率的目的。作为对强度、光谱和红外成像方式的有效补充手段,偏振光学成像对低信噪比复杂背景环境、强散射环境、低照度环境下的目标探测,具有重要的应用价值。结合作者多年来在偏振光学成像探测方面的研究工作基础,围绕相关的器件、技术和应用发展状况,对偏振光学成像研究领域进行了较为详细的介绍。包括偏振光学成像技术及偏振相机的国内外研究、发展和应用状况,与偏振光学成像密切相关的偏振光Stoke矩阵表示及偏振光学成像基本原理,以及研究团队在偏振相机研制及偏振光学成像探测方面开展的研究工作,主要涉及分孔径偏振光学成像系统的设计及关键器件和技术,偏振图像的信息处理技术及算法和应用。最后,对偏振光学成像研究目前需要解决的技术问题和发展方向给出了思考和建议。Polarization is the fourth important“information dimension”parameter in addition to intensity,wavelength and phase to describe the basic properties of electromagnetic waves.The polarization characteristics of reflected or radiated light are closely related to its material,geometry,structure and surface roughness,and physicochemical properties.Polarimetric optical imaging is a novel optical imaging method based on detecting the polarization information of light,which takes advantages of the difference in polarization characteristics between the reflected light and the background stray light to improve the target imaging quality,increase the action distance,enhance the detection capability and the identification probability.As an effective complementary means to the intensity,spectral and infrared imaging methods,polarimetric optical imaging has important applications for target detection in complex background environments with low signal-to-noise ratio,strong scattering and low illumination environments.Based on the authors′years of research work in polarimetric optical imaging and detection,this paper provides a more detailed introduction to the research status of polarimetric optical imaging including the related devices,technologies and applications.We present a comprehensive analysis and introduction of the polarimetric optical imaging technology and camera,the development and the application status at home and abroad.There are mainly two types of the polarimetric optical imaging regimes,which include the division-of time polarimetric optical imaging system and the simultaneous polarimetric optical imaging system,the later one can be further classified into the division-of-amplitude system,the division-ofaperture system,and the division-of-focal-plane system.The Stoke matrix representation of polarized light closely related to polarimetric imaging and the basic imaging principle are briefly introduced.Some research works conducted by our research team in polarimetric camera development and polarimetric o

关 键 词：偏振光学成像 偏振相机 偏振去雾 偏振3D重构成像 图像配准 偏振度 偏振角 图像融合分孔径 全偏振态 

分 类 号：O436[机械工程—光学工程]