非制式爆炸物比色/荧光传感研究进展(特邀)  

Recent Progress in Colorimetric/fluorescent Sensing toward Improvised Explosives(Invited)

作　　者：窦新存[1,2] 王广发 代卓华 DOU Xincun;WANG Guangfa;DAI Zhuohua(Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Explosives Safety Science,Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi 830000,China;Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院新疆理化技术研究所新疆爆炸物安全科学自治区重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830000 [2]中国科学院大学材料与光电研究中心,北京100049

出　　处：《光子学报》2022年第8期137-151,共15页Acta Photonica Sinica

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金(No.2021M693378);天池博士人才项目。

摘　　要：非制式爆炸物因原料易得、破坏性大等特点,已成为暴恐分子施爆的首选方式。目前,国内外针对光学传感2,4,6-三硝基甲苯、2,4-二硝基甲苯等制式爆炸物的研究已经相对成熟,而对于非制式爆炸物,因其具有与制式爆炸物完全不同的本征特性,如多为不挥发离子晶体、分子构型差异巨大等,难以通过光学传感制式爆炸物的原理对其分析与识别,成为国际反恐的棘手难题。因此,针对非制式爆炸物的特性,设计特异性光学传感材料、提出光学信号增强策略、建立现场识别超痕量非制式爆炸物的有效方案,是实现追踪非制式爆炸物源头、截断非制式爆炸物转移路径与炸后残留定性分析的迫切需求。本文从光学传感的本质出发,系统总结了传感材料的设计方法和比色/荧光传感非制式爆炸物模式的发展趋势,旨在为光学传感非制式爆炸物领域提供思路和借鉴。Explosives have resulted in numerous property losses,serious environmental pollution problems and even heavy casualties.Nowadays,military explosives have been mainly used by the national defense department.Owing to its great significance for sovereignty and territorial integrity,a huge effort has been devoted to developing various detection methods,such as surface-enhanced Raman spectroscope,ion mobility spectrometer,mass spectrometer.From these strategies,optical sensing explosive method stands out due to its ultralow detection limit,rapid response,facilitate portability as well as on-site visualization.However,with the increasingly strict peddling regulation,improvised explosives have been adopted as the ideal option of terrorists since their ingredients are readily available,low cost and legally purchased,as well as their destructive power is nearly equivalent to military explosives.This could be fully consolidated by the reported data from world media that more than 70%of the injuries and deaths in terrorist incidents are caused by improvised explosives.Resulted from approximate one hundred years of in-depth understanding of military explosives,optical sensing military explosives are relatively mature,while optical sensing improvised explosives are still in their infancy since the intrinsic properties of improvised explosives are completely different from that of military explosives such as they are non-volatile ionic crystal and extreme discrepancy of electronic configuration,which make the detection of improvised explosives extremely difficult and there is only limited reference significance to optical sensing improvised explosives.Therefore,developing an appropriate methodology for realizing optical sensing improvised explosives is urgent demand and central challenge for mitigating public security concerns via tracking beginnings,stemming their flow and qualitative identification of post-explosive residues.As the two main methods of optical sensing,colorimetric and fluorescent detection have attracted much

关 键 词：爆炸物 单颗粒 比色 荧光 光学传感 

分 类 号：O657.3[理学—分析化学]