玉米花生间作对小绿叶蝉及其天敌昆虫影响的研究  

Effect of Maize-Peanut Intercropping on Empoasca Flavescens and Its Natural Enemies

作　　者：刘维佳 焦坤[2] 刘爱娜 王志恒 张群[4] 万书波[5] 曲明静 LIU Wei-jia;JIAO Kun;LIU Ai-na;WANG Zhi-heng;ZHANG Qun;WAN Shu-bo;QU Ming-jing(College of Plant Protection,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China;Shandong Peanut Research Institute,Qingdao 266100,China;Qingdao Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Qingdao 266100,China;College of Life Science,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China;Institute of Crop Germ plasm Resources,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,J inan 250100,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学植物保护学院,江苏南京210095 [2]山东省花生研究所,山东青岛266100 [3]青岛市农业技术推广中心,山东青岛266100 [4]南京农业大学生命科学学院,江苏南京210095 [5]山东省农业科学院农作物种质资源研究所,山东济南250100

出　　处：《花生学报》2022年第3期21-27,共7页Journal of Peanut Science

基　　金：国家花生产业技术体系(CARS-13);山东省农科院创新工程-盐碱地花生高产优质绿色高效关键技术研究与集成(CXGC2022A21)。

摘　　要：本研究利用黄板法在玉米/花生间作(3∶12)与花生单作两种种植模式下,对花生田小绿叶蝉种群发生动态及天敌昆虫群落组成、数量进行调查,并结合生态位相关理论,分析玉米/花生间作对害虫小绿叶蝉的生态调控作用。结果显示:花生田小绿叶蝉种群发生时间较晚,7―8月为其主要发生时期;寄生蜂类、捕食蝽类、蜘蛛类、瓢虫类与食蚜蝇类昆虫为小绿叶蝉潜在天敌类群。玉米/花生间作降低了花生田小绿叶蝉种群的发生量,增加了蜘蛛类天敌的发生量,但食蚜蝇类天敌显著下降,其他天敌类昆虫无显著变化。其中8月10日小绿叶蝉种群发生量显著降低。从时间维度上分析,食蚜蝇类与蜘蛛类天敌昆虫与小绿叶蝉具有较大的时间生态位重叠指数及相似性比例指数,其发生动态与小绿叶蝉具有相似性,可能与小绿叶蝉种群降低有关。Yellow plate method was used to investigate the population dynamics of Empoasca flavescens,the species and number of natural enemies in peanut field under maize-peanut intercropping(3:12,M/P-P)and peanut monocropping(SP)patterns respectively.The ecological niche-related theory was applied to analyze the effect of maize-peanut intercropping on ecological regulation.The results showed that:The population of Empoasca flavescens in peanut field occurred late,July and August was the main occurrence period.Parasitic wasps,predatory bugs,spiders,ladybugs and syrphid flies were the potential natural enemies of E.flavescens.The population of E.flavescens reduced significantly under maize-peanut intercropping,especially the population occurrence was significantly reduced on August 10.Maize-peanut intercropping was conducive to increasing the occurrence of spiders,while the occurrence of syrphid flies was decreased.Parasitic wasps,predatory bugs and ladybugs were not influenced significantly.The time dimension analysis showed that syrphid flies and spiders had a large time niche overlap index and similarity proportion index with E.flavescens,and their occurrence dynamics were also similar,which might be related to the decrease of E.flavescens population.

关 键 词：玉米/花生间作 小绿叶蝉 天敌 生态调控 生态位 

分 类 号：S344.2[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术] S433.3[农业科学—农艺学]