干部选任方式的政治学论析  

A Study of the Selection and Appointment of Cadres from the Political Perspective

作　　者：谢吉晨 XIE Jichen(School of Business,Nanjing Xiaozhuang University,Nanjing 211171,China)

机构地区：[1]南京晓庄学院商学院,江苏南京211171

出　　处：《济宁学院学报》2022年第4期20-24,共5页Journal of Jining University

基　　金：江苏省哲学社会科学基金项目“国家治理现代化与干部选拔标准研究”(18ZZD003)。

摘　　要：干部选任方式是国家制度体系中的核心要素。纵观人类历史,对政治发展产生较大影响的干部选任方式主要有世袭制、委任制、考任制、选任制等。世袭制建立在血缘基础之上,把公众排斥在权力体系之外;委任制是一种自上而下的授权方式,容易产生对上负责对下不负责的情形;考任制是以知识为基础的选人方式,对能力的考察有所欠缺;选任制是自下而上的授权方式,但民众的过度参与会侵蚀选人用人的科学性。为此,一国在选择干部时必须持审慎的态度,既要汲取各种选任方式的精华又要弃其糟粕。The method of selecting cadres is the core element of the state system.Throughout human history,the main ways of selecting and appointing cadres that have had a greater impact on political development are the hereditary system,the appointment system,the examination system,and the election system.From the perspective of democratic politics,the hereditary system is based on blood relations and excludes the public from the power system;the appointment system is a top-down method of authorization,which is likely to lead to the responsibility of the top and not that of the bottom;the examination system is a knowledge-based selection method,and the examination of ability is lacking;the election system is a bottom-up authorization method,showing democracy,but excessive public participation can erode the scientific nature of the selection and employment of people.A country must be cautious in selecting cadres,absorbing the essence of all the methods of cadre selection and appointment and discarding their dross.

关 键 词：干部选拔方式 世袭制 委任制 考任制 选任制 

分 类 号：D262[政治法律—政治学]