伊犁不同地区绵羊消化道线虫和球虫感染的季节动态调查  

Seasonal Dynamics of Sheep Gastrointestinal Nematodes and Coccidia Infection in Different Areas of Ili

作　　者：阎晓菲 刘宜勇[3] 童婷 丁克奇[4] 邓海峰 王培明 吐来力江 热西旦 刘明军 王钰琪 YAN Xiaofei;LIU Yiyong;TONG Ting;DING Keqi;DENG Haifeng;WANG Peiming;Tu lailijiang;Re xidan;LIU Mingjun;WANG Yuqi(College of Animal Science and Technology,Shihezi University,Shihezi,Xinjiang 832000,China;College of Life Sciences,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830052,China;Animal Husbandry Station,Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture,Yining,Xinjiang 835000,China;Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Workstation,Nilak County,Xinjiang 835700,China;Zhaosu Horse Farm,Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture,Zhaosu,Xinjiang 835602,China;Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology,Key Laboratory of Genetic Breeding and Reproduction of Herbivorous Livestock,Ministry of Agriculture,Institute of Biotechnology,Xinjiang Academy of Animal Science,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830011,China;College of Veterinary Medicine,Xingjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830052,China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学动物科技学院,新疆石河子832000 [2]新疆农业大学生命科学学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [3]伊犁哈萨克自治州畜牧总站,新疆伊宁835000 [4]尼勒克县畜牧兽医工作站,新疆尼勒克835700 [5]伊犁哈萨克自治州昭苏马场,新疆昭苏835602 [6]新疆畜牧科学院生物技术研究所/农业部草食家畜遗传育种与繁殖重点实验室/新疆动物生物技术重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [7]新疆农业大学动物医学学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《家畜生态学报》2022年第8期66-72,共7页Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology

基　　金：伊犁州科技攻关项目(YZ201801001);新疆维吾尔自治区高校科研计划项目(XJEDU2020Y049)。

摘　　要：为了解伊犁不同地区绵羊消化道线虫和球虫季节性感染情况,在2019年的春、夏、秋、冬4个季节采集伊犁昭苏和尼勒克地区7337份粪便样本,采用饱和盐水漂浮法鉴定感染种类,采用改良麦克马斯特法定量检测,计算感染率及感染强度。结果表明:伊犁两个地区绵羊消化道线虫和球虫的感染率较高,消化道线虫呈中度感染,球虫呈轻度感染,初步鉴定出9种消化道线虫和12种绵羊艾美尔属(Eimeria spp.)球虫;昭苏地区绵羊消化道线虫平均感染强度极显著高于尼勒克地区(P<0.01),尼勒克地区球虫感染率和平均感染强度极显著高于昭苏地区(P<0.01);两个地区绵羊消化道线虫和球虫平均感染强度呈现出春季最高、夏季次之、冬季最低的流行规律;春季和冬季,昭苏地区绵羊消化道线虫平均感染强度极显著高于尼勒克地区(P<0.01);除了冬季,其他季节尼勒克地区球虫平均感染强度极显著高于昭苏地区(P<0.01);使用驱虫药伊维菌素和阿苯达唑后,绵羊消化道线虫和球虫的平均感染强度均显著降低(P<0.01),但消化道线虫虫卵转阴率、减少率均高于球虫。可见伊犁两个地区因气候温度等的不同,对绵羊消化道线虫和球虫感染情况有一定的影响。Seasonal dynamic investigation was carried out to investigate the infection of nematodes and coccidia in sheep digestive tract in different areas of Ili.In the four seasons of spring,summer,autumn and winter in 2019,7337 fecal samples were collected from Zhaosu and Nilek in Yili,and the type of infection was identified by the saturated salt water floating method,and the modified McMaster method was used for quantitative detection.Infection rate and infection intensity were calculated.The results showed that the infection rates of gastrointestinal nematode and coccidia were higher in two areas of Ili,the infection rates of gastrointestinal nematode were moderate,and that of coccidia were mild.Nine gastrointestinal nematodes and twelve Eimeria sheep coccidia were preliminarily identified.The average infection intensity of intestinal nematodes in Zhaosu region was significantly higher than that in Nilka region(P<0.01),the infection rate and average infection intensity of coccidia in Nilk region were significantly higher than those in Zhaosu region(P<0.01).The average infection intensity of nematode and coccidia in the digestive tract of sheep in the two regions showed the highest prevalence in spring,followed by summer,and lowest in winter.In spring and winter,the average infection intensity of nematodes in Zhaosu region was significantly higher than that in Nilka region(P<0.01).Except winter,the average intensity of infection of coccidia in Nilka was significantly higher than that in Zhaosu(P<0.01).After using the deworming drugs ivermectin and albendazole,the average infection intensity of nematodes and coccidia in sheep digestive tract showed significantly decreased(P<0.01),but the rate of negative conversion and reduction of digestive tract nematode eggs was higher than that of coccidia.Therefore,the difference in climate and temperature in the two regions of Yili has a certain impact on the infection of nematodes and coccidia in the digestive tract of sheep.

关 键 词：伊犁 绵羊 消化道线虫 球虫 季节动态 

分 类 号：S811.5[农业科学—畜牧学] S858.26[农业科学—畜牧兽医]