木通科花瓣的发育、微形态及超微结构研究  

Studies on petal development,micromorphology and ultra-structures in Lardizabalaceae

作　　者：刘男 苏珊 张小卉 LIU Nan;SU Shan;ZHANG Xiaohui(School of Life Sciences,Shaanxi Normal University,Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry,Xi an 710119,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学生命科学学院,药用资源与天然药物化学教育部重点实验室,陕西西安710119

出　　处：《陕西师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第5期108-115,共8页Journal of Shaanxi Normal University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31770203,31770200)。

摘　　要：采用透明法、超薄切片法、扫描电子显微镜法和透射电子显微镜法,对木通科3个属具花瓣植物进行研究。结果表明:木通科3个属的花瓣在发育过程中历经了4个关键阶段,其形态差异主要取决于阶段3中花瓣顶端是否产生二裂;花瓣中的表皮细胞共有5类,其中3类为分泌表皮细胞;蜜腺组织位于花瓣顶端,主要由分泌表皮细胞和分泌薄壁细胞组成,串果藤属可见维管束伸入分泌薄壁细胞之间,分泌表皮细胞内淀粉粒、线粒体和粗面内质网等细胞器丰富;在盛花期,分泌物通过分泌表皮细胞外切向壁上的微通道、变态气孔及破裂细胞壁等释放到外界。科内祖先性状重建分析表明木通科祖先具有花瓣特征(52.5%)。Lardizabalaceae is one of the core families in Ranunculales,and its unisexual flower has small greenish petals(so-called nectary leaves).However,the features of petal diversity,morphology and structure in Lardizabalaceae are still unclear,preventing the further research on the reproductive biology of this group.In this study,the petals of three genera in Lardizabalaceae were studied using light microscopy,scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy.The results showed that petals underwent four key development stages,and the divergence occurred in stage 3 resulted in petal morphological differences.There were 5 types of epidermal cell in the studied petals,in which 3 types were secretory cells.The secretory tissue,consisting secretory epidermal cells and several layers of secretory parenchyma cells,located on tip of the petal.Vascular bundles were seen between the secretory parenchyma cells occasionally(Sinofranchetia),and there were abundant plastids,mitochondria,rough endoplasmic reticulum and plasmodesmata in the secretory epidermal cells.Nectar was released through numerous micro-channels on the outer cell walls of epidermal cells,the modified stomates and the ruptured cell walls.The ancestral character reconstruction in Lardizabalaceae showed that nectariferous petals may be the ancestral character of Lardizabalaceae(52.5%).

关 键 词：木通科 花瓣 个体发育 微形态 超微结构 

分 类 号：Q944[生物学—植物学]