刑事禁止不利变更原则的中国法检视与重塑  

Review and Remodeling of the Prohibition of Reformatio in Peius in Chinese Law

作　　者：潘金贵[1] 熊用坪 Pan Jingui;Xiong Yongping(School of Law,Southwest University of Political Science and Law,Chongqing 401120)

机构地区：[1]西南政法大学法学院,重庆401120

出　　处：《河南财经政法大学学报》2022年第5期126-134,共9页Journal of Henan University of Economics and Law

基　　金：2019年国家社会科学基金项目“刑事案件事实认定中的经验法则研究”(项目编号:19BFX092)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：禁止不利变更原则作为刑事诉讼的一项基本原则,近年在我国司法实践中出现了适用争议,也引发了理论界的关注与探讨。要理解与认识禁止不利变更原则,须通过不同理论争议及立法例全面把握其适用前提、适用范围、适用核心及适用例外。我国现行《刑事诉讼法》中规定的上诉不加刑原则不能等同于禁止不利变更原则,立法尚未对禁止不利变更原则予以明确的定位,理论界未形成系统、统一的认识,导致司法实践中出现检察官为被告人利益上诉时处理不一、在重审及再审程序中适用被架空以及“不利益”判断标准不明等问题。因此,有必要在我国为禁止不利变更原则正名,在立法中明确其基本内涵,相关司法制度予以必要的回应,在中国法语境下对禁止不利变更原则进行全面重塑。As a basic principle of criminal procedure,“the Prohibition of Reformatio in Peius”has been controversial in the judicial practice of China in recent years,which has aroused the attention and discussion of the theoretical circle.In order to understand“the Prohibition of Reformatio in Peius”,it is necessary to comprehensively grasp its applicable premise,applicable scope,applicable core and applicable exception through different theoretical disputes and legislative cases.The principle of no additional penalty resulting from appeal stipulated in the current Criminal Procedure Law in our country cannot be equal to“the Prohibition of Reformatio in Peius”.The legislation has not given a clear position on“the Prohibition of Reformatio in Peius”,and the theoretical circle has not formed a systematic and unified understanding of it.As a result,there are some problems in judicial practice,such as inconsistent handling of appeals by prosecutors for the interests of the defendant,false application in trial de novo and retrial procedures,and fuzzy judgment standard of“adverse interest”.Therefore,it is necessary to correct the name of“the Prohibition of Reformatio in Peius”in China,clarify its basic connotation in the legislation,give necessary response to the relevant judicial system,and comprehensively reshape“the Prohibition of Reformatio in Peius”in the context of Chinese law.

关 键 词：禁止不利变更 不利益 上诉不加刑 

分 类 号：D926[政治法律—法学]