农业生产演绎权的创设与土地经营权重构  

The Creation of Agricultural Production Deduction Right and the Reconstruction of Land Management Right

作　　者：邴玉阶 王春雷 Bing Yujie;Wang Chunlei(School of Politics and Law,Yulin Normal University,Yulin 537000,Guangxi,China;Business School of Wuchang University of Technology,Wuhan 430000)

机构地区：[1]玉林师范学院政法学院,广西玉林537000 [2]武昌理工学院商学院,武汉430000

出　　处：《知与行》2022年第3期22-33,95,96,共14页Cognition and Practice

基　　金：2019年湖北省高等学校优秀中青年科技创新团队计划项目“湖北贫困区土地流转与乡村振兴研究”(T201941);玉林师范学院博士科研启动基金“乡村振兴背景下新型城乡关系构建研究”(G2021SK16)。

摘　　要：在农村土地经营权流转中,存在土地流出农户权益保护不充分、无法分享土地增值收益的现象,土地经营权内容的单一性成为问题的根源。通过两个案例的比较分析,挖掘土地经营权中的隐性权利,借鉴知识产权法中著作演绎权的立法思想,尝试创设农业生产演绎权。在形成“土地经营权”的框架下,“农业生产经营权”和“农业生产演绎权”两项子权利并存的土地用益权体系,实现对土地经营权的重构。重构后的土地经营权,包含了多项土地用益子权利。既恪守了“维持土地的农业用途”的制度规定,又增加了农户的土地用益权利。既有利于土地用益权利的流转,又从制度层面实现对农户土地权益的保护。土地经营权流转中的农户权益问题,是我国集体土地所有制公私两重性在土地流转中的必然反映,公权力和私权利发生交锋,使土地经营权流转表现为非完全市场行为。此时更需要公权利的适时介入,对土地经营权中隐性权利进行确认,借国家之手对失衡的利益进行再平衡。In the transfer of rural land management rights,there is a phenomenon that the rights and interests of the farmers outflowing from the land are not adequately protected,and the land value-added benefits cannot be shared.The singleness of the content of land management rights has become the root of the problem.Through the comparative analysis of the two cases,this paper attempts to create the right of deduction in agricultural production by excavating the implicit right in the land management right,and drawing on the legislative idea of the deductive right of copyright in the intellectual property law.Under the framework of“land management right”,a land usufruct system in which two sub-rights,“agricultural production and management right”and“agricultural production deduction right”coexist,realizes the reconstruction of land management right.The reconstructed land management right includes a number of sub-rights for land use.This not only abides by the system of“maintaining the agricultural use of the land”,but also increases the farmers right to use the land.This is not only conducive to the circulation of land usufruct rights,but also realizes the protection of farmers land rights and interests from the institutional level.The issue of farmers rights and interests in the transfer of land management rights is an inevitable reflection of the dual nature of public and private ownership of collective land in my country.At this time,it is even more necessary for the public rights to intervene in a timely manner,to confirm the implicit rights in the land management rights,and to rebalance the unbalanced interests through the hands of the state.

关 键 词：土地流转 增值收益分享 农业生产演绎权 土地经营权重构 

分 类 号：F062.9[经济管理—政治经济学]