全身振动训练对青少年体操运动员腰背肌力和平衡的影响  

Effects of Whole Body Vibration Training on Back Muscle Strength and Balance Ability of Young Gymnasts

作　　者：徐利亚 古鸿毅 张一民 孙婷婷 XU Liya;GU Hongyi;ZHANG Yimin;SUN Tingting(College of Sports and Human Sciences,Beijing Sport University,Beijing,100084 China;Key Laboratory of Sports and Physical Health,Ministry of Education,China Institute of Sports and Health,Beijing Sport University,Beijing,100084 China)

机构地区：[1]北京体育大学运动人体科学学院,北京100084 [2]北京体育大学中国运动与健康研究院,运动与体质健康教育部重点实验室,北京100084

出　　处：《当代体育科技》2022年第23期1-5,共5页Contemporary Sports Technology

基　　金：人体运动促进健康个性化精准指导方案关键技术研究(2018YFC2000600)。

摘　　要：目的:运用Power Plate振动训练仪对青少年体操运动员进行WBVT,探究WBVT对其腰背肌力和平衡能力的影响。方法:32名青少年体操运动员随机分为A、B、C、D四组,每组8人。振动频率分别为A组无振动,B组30Hz,C组50Hz,每周3次,每次5组。D组作为对照组不采用任何训练。训练8周后,分别进行腰背部位肌群等长肌力测试以及星形偏移平衡测试,记录测试结果与训练前进行对比。结果:B组和C组受试者的腰背肌群等长肌力和平衡能力在经过8周的WBVT之后均显著增强,C组振动训练效果更佳。A组和D组腰背肌群等长肌力和平衡能力训练前后无明显变化。结论:8周30Hz和50Hz的WBVT均可以增强青少年体操运动员的腰背肌力和平衡能力,并且50Hz振动训练效果更佳。Objective:Using Power Plate vibration training instrument to carry out WBVT on young gymnasts to explore the influence of WBVT on their back muscle strength and balance ability.Methods:32 young gymnasts were randomly divided into four groups a,B,C and D,with 8 people in each group.The vibration frequencies are:no vibration in group A,30Hz in group B,50Hz in group C,three times a week,five groups each time.Group D as the control group did not use any training.After 8 weeks of training,the isometric muscle strength test and star shift balance test of the muscle groups in the back and waist were carried out respectively,and the test results were recorded and compared with those before training.Results:The isometric muscle strength and balance ability of lumbodorsal muscles in group B and group C were significantly enhanced after 8 weeks of WBVT,and the effect of vibration training in group C was better.There was no significant change in isometric muscle strength and balance ability of lumbar and dorsal muscles in group A and group D before and after training.Conclusion:WBVT of 30Hz and 50Hz for 8 weeks can enhance the strength and balance ability of lumbar and dorsal muscles of young gymnasts,and the effect of 50Hz vibration training is better.

关 键 词：全身振动训练 青少年体操运动员 腰背肌力 平衡能力 

分 类 号：G808[文化科学—体育训练]