纳米包覆分散染料的制备及其免水洗染色性能  

Preparation of nanoscale capsulated disperse dyes and their washing-free dyeing performance

作　　者：付政 李敏 何颖婷[1,2] 王春霞 付少海[1,2,3] FU Zheng;LI Min;HE Yingting;WANG Chunxia;FU Shaohai(Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Digital Textile Inkjet Printing,Wuxi,Jiangsu 214122,China;Key Laboratory of Eco-Textiles(Jiangnan University),Ministry of Education,Wuxi,Jiangsu 214122,China;National Engineering Research Center for Dyeing and Finishing of Textiles,Taian,Shandong 271001,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省纺织品数字喷墨印花工程技术研究中心,江苏无锡214122 [2]生态纺织教育部重点实验室(江南大学),江苏无锡214122 [3]国家先进印染技术创新中心,山东泰安271001

出　　处：《纺织学报》2022年第9期129-136,共8页Journal of Textile Research

基　　金：江苏省自然科学基金面上项目(BK20191334);国家先进印染技术创新中心科研基金项目(ZJ2021A08)。

摘　　要：为实现分散染料的免水洗染色,以2,2′-偶氮二异丁基脒二盐酸盐(AIBA)引发甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)和丙烯酸丁酯(BA)在C.I.分散紫93染料颗粒表面聚合成P(MMA-co-BA)壳层制备纳米包覆分散染料。探讨反应时间、反应温度、引发剂用量和核壳比对包覆过程的影响,得到较佳反应工艺条件为:温度70℃,时间3 h,引发剂对单体质量分数3%。研究表明:纳米包覆分散染料的Zeta电位为-61.1 mV,染料热稳定性得到显著改善;将其应用于涤纶及涤/棉织物的免水洗染色,在不明显影响手感、色深度和匀染性的同时,织物的各项色牢度较未经水洗的传统热熔染色工艺可提高1~2级,断裂强力提高约10%,且皂洗残液的化学需氧量降低30%以上。To achieve the washing-free dyeing of disperse dyes, methyl methacrylate(MMA) and butyl acrylate(BA) were initiated by polymerizing 2,2′-azobis(2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochlo-ride(AIBA) on the surface of C.I. Disperse Violet 93 dye particles to form P(MMA-co-BA) shell in order to prepare nanoscale capsulated disperse dyes. The effects of reaction time, reaction temperature, initiator dosage, and core-shell ratio on the coating process were investigated. The optimal reaction conditions were identified as temperature 70 ℃, reaction time 3 h, initiator to monomer mass fraction 3%. The study results show that the Zeta potential of nanoscale capsulated disperse dyes is-61.1 mV, demonstrating significant thermal stability improvement. When applied to avoid water dyeing polyester and polyester/cotton fabric, the color fastness of the fabric dyed with the nanoscale capsulated disperse dye is improved by 1 to 2 grades without causing any obvious disturbance to the dyeing process. The breaking strength of such dyed fabric increased about 10%, and the chemical oxygen demand value of the soap-washing residual solution is reduced by more than 30%.

关 键 词：分散染料 涤纶 热熔染色 免水洗染色 染色性能 化学需氧量 

分 类 号：TS193.5[轻工技术与工程—纺织化学与染整工程]