尼龙11纤维的制备及结构与性能  

Preparation,Structure and Properties of Nylon 11 Fibers

作　　者：刘营营 姚奕强 周星星 董文昊 李大伟[1] 李昊轩 邓炳耀[1] 刘庆生[1] Liu Yingying;Yao Yiqiang;Zhou Xingxing;Dong Wenhao;Li Dawei;Li Haoxuan;Deng Bingyao;Liu Qingsheng(Key Laboratory of Eco-Textiles,Ministry of Education,Jiangnan University,Wuxi 214122,China)

机构地区：[1]江南大学生态纺织教育部重点实验室,江苏无锡214122

出　　处：《工程塑料应用》2022年第9期20-26,共7页Engineering Plastics Application

基　　金：中国纺织工业联合会应用基础研究项目(J202008);中国博士后科学基金面上项目(2019M651699)。

摘　　要：以尼龙11(PA11)为原料,经熔融纺丝、牵伸工艺制备PA11纤维,研究了热处理温度、牵伸温度和牵伸倍数对PA11纤维的结晶和熔融行为、晶体结构和力学性能的影响。测试结果表明,随着热处理温度和牵伸温度的增加,制备的PA11纤维的结构发生变化,样品内部的γ晶型逐渐转变为α晶型,且α晶型和α'晶型之间互相转变,结晶度总体呈现先增大后减小的趋势,在牵伸温度为140℃、牵伸倍数为4倍时制备的PA11纤维的结晶度达到最大值,为37.7%,在牵伸温度为60℃、牵伸倍数为4倍时制备的PA11纤维的断裂强度达到最大值,为470 MPa。在牵伸温度为60℃、不同的牵伸倍数下制备的PA11纤维结构也发生变化,结晶度随着牵伸倍数的增加逐渐增大,在牵伸倍数为5倍时制备的PA11纤维的结晶度达到最大值,为30.1%,但纤维的断裂伸长率、断裂功和断裂比功随着牵伸倍数的增加逐渐下降。Nylon 11(PA11)fibers were prepared by melt spinning-drawing process with nylon 11 as raw material.The effects of heat treatment temperature,drawing temperature and drawing ratio on the crystallization and melting behavior,crystal structure and mechanical properties of PA11 fibers were studied.The test results show that with the increase of heat treatment temperature and drawing temperature,the structures of the prepared PA11 fibers change,theγcrystal form inside the sample gradually transforms into theαcrystal form,and theαcrystal form and theα'crystal form transform each other.The crystallinity generally shows a trend of first increasing and then decreasing.The crystallinity of PA11 fiber prepared at a drafting temperature of 140℃and a drafting ratio of 4 times reaches the maximum value of 37.7%.The breaking strength of the PA11 fiber prepared at a drawing temperature of 60℃and a drawing ratio of 4 times reaches the maximum value of 470 MPa.The structures of the PA11 fibers prepared at the drafting temperature of 60℃and different drafting ratios also change,and the crystallinity gradually increases with the increase of the drafting ratio.The crystallinity of the PA11 fiber prepared when the drafting ratio is 5 times,and the maximum is 30.1%,but the elongation at break,work at break and specific work at break of the fiber decrease with the increase of the drafting ratio.

关 键 词：尼龙11纤维 熔融纺丝 牵伸 结晶度 力学性能 

分 类 号：TS154.5[轻工技术与工程—纺织材料与纺织品设计]