基于多技术联用鉴别含镍物料固体废物属性  被引量:2

Study on Identification of Nickel-containing Solid Waste Based on Multi-technology Combination

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作  者:潘生林 查燕青 戴东情 侯建军 封亚辉 郑建明 严文勋 许仁富 PAN Shenglin;ZHA Yanqing;DAI Dongqing;HOU Jianjun;FENG Yahui;ZHENG Jianming;YAN Wenxun;XU Renfu(Nanjing Customs District Industrial Products Inspection Center,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210001,China)

机构地区:[1]南京海关工业产品检测中心,南京210001

出  处:《中国无机分析化学》2022年第5期50-57,共8页Chinese Journal of Inorganic Analytical Chemistry

基  金:国家重点研发计划资助项目(2018YFF0215500);海关总署科技资助项目(2021HK225)。

摘  要:采用超景深显微镜、X射线荧光光谱、X射线衍射等技术,对含镍物料样品进行微观形貌、化学成分和物相组成分析,并结合镍矿及镍矿渣的特征分析,实现固体废物属性鉴别。结果表明:物料1微观呈现蓬松碎絮形态,pH值为4.30,酸性特征显著,主要物相为SiO_(2)、FeO(OH)、PbO_(2)等,样品中S含量残留达到14.7%,Pb和As含量远超有害物质限量;物料2表面有空隙,呈现明显黑色焦烧痕迹,主要物相为Mg_(2)SiO_(4)、Fe_(3)O_(4)等,样品中MgO折算含量远超镍精矿标准限量。综合分析两种物料的外观、物理性状、微观形貌、物相组成、化学成分,发现两种物料不具有天然矿物特征,推断物料1可能来自红土镍矿在硫酸酸浸工艺中产生的湿法冶炼渣,物料2可能为含镍矿物经火法冶炼中熔炼过程产生的熔炼渣或转炉渣,均属于固体废物。The micro-morphology,chemical composition and phase composition of nickel-containing material samples are analyzed by using ultra depth of field microscopy,X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction.Combined with the characteristic analysis of nickel ore and nickel slag,the attribute identification of solid waste is realized.The results show that the micro structure of sample 1 is fluffy and broken floc,the pH value is 4.30,and the acid characteristic is remarkable.The main phases of sample 1 are SiO_(2),FeO(OH),PbO_(2),etc.The residual content of sulfur in the sample reaches 14.7%,and the contents of Pb and As far exceed the limit of harmful substances.There are voids on the surface of sample 2,showing obvious black scorch marks.The main phases of sample 2 are Mg_(2)SiO_(4) and Fe_(3)O_(4).The converted content of MgO in the sample far exceeds the standard limit of nickel concentrate.Comprehensive analysis of the appearance,physical properties,microscopic morphology,phase composition,chemical composition of the two materials,the two materials do not have natural mineral characteristics,inferred that the material 1 may come from the wet smelting slag produced by the laterite nickel ore in the sulfuric acid leaching process,and the material 2 may be the smelting slag or converter slag produced by the smelting process of nickel-containing minerals by pyrotechnic smelting,which belongs to solid waste.

关 键 词:含镍物料 镍精矿 超景深显微 X射线荧光光谱 X射线衍射光谱 固体废物 

分 类 号:O657.34[理学—分析化学] TH744.15[理学—化学]

 

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