马铃薯中耕机关键部件作用机理分析与试验  

Analysis and experiment of action mechanism of key components of potato cultivator

作　　者：徐文仲[1] 孙玉凯 王娜[1] 张华敏 孟军[1] XU Wenzhong;SUN Yukai;WANG Na;ZHANG Huamin;MENG Jun(School of Arts and Sciences,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China;School of Engineering,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China)

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学文理学院,哈尔滨150030 [2]东北农业大学工程学院,哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《东北农业大学学报》2022年第7期88-96,共9页Journal of Northeast Agricultural University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0700705)。

摘　　要：针对马铃薯中耕机培土作业效果不佳等问题,运用中耕培土作业过程中土壤颗粒数学模型,分析马铃薯中耕机培土机理,确定影响培土效果主要因素。以除草率和培土断面合格率为试验指标,以刀轴转速、碎土刀与培土器横向距离和碎土刀与培土器纵向距离为试验因素,采用方差分析和响应曲面分析优化马铃薯中耕机作业参数,最终通过田间试验验证作业性能。结果表明,中耕机刀轴转速为270 r·min^(-1)、碎土刀与培土器横向距离为530 mm、碎土刀与培土器纵向距离为240 mm时,除草率为96.4%,培土断面合格率为95.2%,碎土率为95.3%,伤苗率为1.2%,满足马铃薯中耕培土作业要求,为马铃薯中耕机理论研究提供参考。Aimed at the problems of poor soil cultivation effect of potato cultivator and few related theoretical studies,a mathematical model of soil particles in the process of cultivating soil cultivation was established.The soil cultivation mechanism of potato cultivator was analyzed,and the main factors affecting soil cultivation effect were determined.Taking the weeding rate and the qualified rate of the soil-cultivation section as the test indicators,and taking the rotation speed of the cutter shaft,the lateral distance between the soil-crushing knife and the soil-cultivating device,and the longitudinal distance between the soil-crushing knife and the soil-cultivating device as the test factors,the quadratic rotation orthogonal combination test was carried out.Variance analysis and response surface analysis were performed to improve job parameters,and to verify the operating performance through field experiments.When the rotation speed of the cutter shaft of the cultivator was 270 r·min^(-1),the lateral distance between the soil cutter and the soil planter was 530 mm,and the longitudinal distance between the soil crusher and the soil planter was 240 mm,the weeding rate was 96.4%,the qualified rate was 95.2%,the broken soil rate is 95.3%,and the seedling injury rate was 1.2%,which met the requirements of potato cultivator and soil cultivation.This study would provide a reference for the theoretical study of potato cultivator.

关 键 词：中耕机 机理分析 参数优化 试验 

分 类 号：S224.1[农业科学—农业机械化工程] S532[农业科学—农业工程]