青海东部地区燕麦蚜虫种类及种群消长动态研究  

Study on Species and Population Dynamics of Oat Aphids in Eastern Qinghai

作　　者：李秋荣[1,2,3] LI Qiu-rong(Agriculture and Forestry Science Academy of Qinghai University,Xining Qinghai 810016,China;State Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pest in Xining,Ministry of Agricultur,Xining Qinghai 810016,China;Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Integrated Pest Management in Qinghai,Xining Qinghai 810016,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学农林科学院,青海西宁810016 [2]农业部西宁作物有害生物科学观测实验站,青海西宁810016 [3]青海省农业有害生物综合治理重点实验室,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《青海农林科技》2022年第3期32-37,41,共7页Science and Technology of Qinghai Agriculture and Forestry

基　　金：农业农村部现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-07-C-3,CARS-08-C-3);青海省农业有害生物综合治理重点实验室(2022-ZJ-Y10)。

摘　　要：连续两年(2019-2020年)在青海高原对燕麦生长期发生的蚜虫种群数量定期开展监测,并采用形态学方法对蚜虫种类进行鉴定。结果显示,为害燕麦的蚜虫有4种,分别是麦二叉蚜、麦长管蚜、禾谷缢管蚜和麦无网长管蚜,其中,前2种为优势种类,麦长管蚜主要为害麦穗,7月中旬至8月中旬种群密度均较大;麦二叉蚜与禾谷缢管蚜主要为害叶片和茎秆,7月中旬前后是这两种蚜虫的主要发生期;麦无网长管蚜以取食叶片为主,6月中旬至7月上旬是该虫的主要发生期。燕麦蚜虫整体种群数量从6月中下旬开始呈上升趋势,至7月中下旬达到高峰期,因此,建议在6月初麦蚜始发期及时采取防治措施,以防麦蚜数量达到经济危害水平。The population dynamics of oat aphid was monitored and investigated regularly for two years from 2019 to 2020,and identified the aphid species by the method of morphology.The main results are as follows: In Qinghai Province, there are four kinds of aphids which feeding on oats including Schizaphi graminum(Rondani),Macrosiphum avenae(Fabricius),Rhopalosiphum padi(Linnaeus)and Metopolophium dirhodum(Walker).Among them, the first and second are dominant species, and the main ones endangering oat ears are Macrosiphum avenae,the population density is high from mid July to mid August. The main ones endangering leaves and stems are Schizaphi graminum and Rhopalosiphum padi,the damage of stem is relatively light.Their main occurrence period is around the middle of July.Metopolophium dirhodum mainly feeding on leaves, its main occurrence period is from mid June to early July.The population of aphid on oat showed an overall upward trend from mid and last ten days of June, and reach its peak in mid and late July.Therefore, it is suggested that control measures should be taken at the beginning of June to prevent the number of aphid reaching the economic hazard level.

关 键 词：蚜虫 种类 种群动态 燕麦 

分 类 号：S435.126[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]