新时代我国养老保障高质量发展的内容、体系和机制  

China's High-Quality Old-Age Security Development in the New Era:Dimension,System and Mechanism

作　　者：丛树海[1] CONG Shuhai(School of Public Economics and Administration,Shanghai University of Finance and Economics,Shanghai 200433,China)

机构地区：[1]上海财经大学公共经济与管理学院,上海200433

出　　处：《北京工商大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第5期1-10,共10页JOURNAL OF BEIJING TECHNOLOGY AND BUSINESS UNIVERSITY:SOCIAL SCIENCES

摘　　要：面对即将快速进入深度老龄化社会的趋势,我国养老保障制度在已经实现城乡居民养老制度合一和“应保尽保”的基础上,其高质量发展需要进一步解决内容、体系和机制三个层面的基本问题。内容上,通过完善养老保障制度,进一步增强养老保险基金的筹资能力和支付能力;通过加强基层和社区医疗机构配置,强化“以医助养”;通过“师范化”的人才培养,尽快培育一支具有专业素养和爱心、以市场化经营为出路的为老服务队伍,形成“钱、医、人”三位一体。体系上,再造“三层次”,建构“三支柱”,形成以国民养老金为第一支柱、职业养老金为第二支柱和个人养老金为第三支柱的养老保障体系。机制上,重点解决养老全国统筹中基金统与制度统的关系,鼓励延迟退休,改渐进型延迟退休为选择型延迟退休,在养老金给付上进一步强化给付与缴费联动,激励缴费积极性,凸显多缴多得原则。China is entering an aging society,and its urban and rural residential old-age security systems have been well integrated.Benefiting from such old-age pension systems,everyone who is entitled to allowances can receive them.In this context,China calls for high-quality development of its old-age security system,which makes it essential to address the problems of dimension,system and mechanism.In terms of dimension,the fund raising and paying capacities are to be enhanced by improving the old-age security system;grassroots and community-level health care arrangement should become more sound so as to underpin old-age security;and efforts should be stepped up to develop a contingent of service practitioners that are highly specialized,caring and market-driven.As a result,fund,medical support and personnel can all be in place at once.In terms of system,a tiered old-age security system,in which national old-age pension,occupational pension and individual pension serve as the first,the second and the third pillars,respectively,should be in place.In terms of mechanism,emphasis should be placed on tackling the relationship between fund-based and institution-based old-age security.Delayed retirement should be upheld,and progressive delayed retirement should give way to optional delayed retirement.Moreover,benefit pension plan shall be better inter-connected with contribution pension plan.

关 键 词：养老保障 高质量发展 养老内容 保障体系 管理机制 

分 类 号：F842.67[经济管理—保险] F126